Verse 13

Sarvasara

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एतद्वस्तुचतुष्टयं यस्य लक्षणं देशकालवस्तुनिमित्तेष्वव्यभिचारि तत्पदार्थः परमात्मेत्युच्यते॥१३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

एतत् । वस्तु-चतुष्टयम् । यस्य । लक्षणम् । देश-काल-वस्तु-निमित्तेषु । अव्यभिचारि । तत्-पदार्थः । परमात्मा । इति । उच्यते ॥१३॥

IAST Transliteration

etad vastucatuṣṭayaṃ yasya lakṣaṇaṃ deśa-kāla-vastu-nimitteṣv avyabhicāri tat-padārthaḥ paramātmety ucyate ||13||

Translation

ദേശം, കാലം, വസ്തു, നിമിത്തം—ഇവ നാലിലും ലക്ഷണം വ്യഭിചരിക്കാതെ (അവ്യഭിചാരിയായി) നിലനിൽക്കുന്നതാണ് ‘തത്’ പദാർത്ഥം; അതിനെ പരമാത്മാവ് എന്നു പറയുന്നു॥१३॥

Academic Translation

That referent whose defining mark is non-deviation (invariance) with respect to place, time, object, and cause—this is the meaning of the word ‘tat’ (That); it is called the Supreme Self (Paramātman).

Verse Context

• Paramātman/Brahman as the invariant referent of ‘tat’ (tatpadārtha) beyond deśa-kāla-nimitta upādhis
• Mahavakya: Supports ‘tat’ in ‘tat tvam asi’ by defining tatpadārtha as the unconditioned, invariant Paramātman
• Atharva
• Chandas: Prose