Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 63

Devanagari script

विवस्वाञ्ज्येष्ठमासे तु आषाढे चांशुमांस्तथा । पर्ज्जन्यः श्रावणे मासि वरुणः प्रौष्ठसंज्ञिके

Transliteration

vivasvāñjyeṣṭhamāse tu āṣāḍhe cāṃśumāṃstathā | parjjanyaḥ śrāvaṇe māsi varuṇaḥ prauṣṭhasaṃjñike

Translation

ജ്യേഷ്ഠമാസത്തിൽ വിവസ്വാൻ അധിഷ്ഠാതാവാകുന്നു; ആഷാഢത്തിൽ അംശുമാനും അതുപോലെ. ശ്രാവണത്തിൽ പർജന്യൻ (വർഷദാതാവ്), പ്രൗഷ്ഠ എന്ന മാസത്തിൽ വരുണൻ അധിഷ്ഠിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• विवस्वान्: Vivasvān
• विवस्वान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्येष्ठ: Jyeṣṭha (month)
• ज्येष्ठ: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘मासे’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• मासे: in the month
• मासे: Adhikarana (time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (contrast/continuation)

• आषाढे: in Āṣāḍha
• आषाढे: Adhikarana (time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आषाढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; मासवाचक

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• अंशुमान्: Aṃśumān
• अंशुमान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: likewise)

• पर्जन्यः: Parjanya
• पर्जन्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• श्रावणे: in Śrāvaṇa
• श्रावणे: Adhikarana (time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; मासवाचक

• मासि: in the month
• मासि: Adhikarana (time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रौष्ठ: named ‘Prauṣṭha’
• प्रौष्ठ: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रौष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘संज्ञिके’ इत्यस्य विशेषण (month-name qualifier)

• संज्ञिके: in the (month) called
• संज्ञिके: Adhikarana (time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संज्ञिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘(मासे)’ इत्यर्थे सप्तमी

Speaker

Skanda (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Four Ādityas appear as personified forces: Vivasvān with blazing summer aura (Jyeṣṭha), Aṃśumān with shimmering heat-haze (Āṣāḍha), Parjanya releasing monsoon clouds (Śrāvaṇa), Varuṇa enthroned with waters and nāgas (Prauṣṭha/Bhādrapada).

Characters & Entities

• Vivasvān
• Aṃśumān
• Parjanya
• Varuṇa
• Jyeṣṭha
• Āṣāḍha
• Śrāvaṇa
• Prauṣṭha (Bhādrapada)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Seasonal forces—heat, rays, rain, and waters—are sacralized as divine presences, teaching reverence for nature as dharma-governed.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The teaching belongs to Prabhāsa-kṣetra’s māhātmya, situating cosmic calendrics within pilgrimage literature.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit ritual; the verse supplies month-deity correspondences useful for timed worship.