Shloka 41

युद्धाय रावणस्य निर्याणं तथा उत्पातदर्शनम्

Ravana’s Mobilization for War and the ظهور of Fatal Portents

Devanagari script

ततःक्रुद्धोदशग्रीवश्शरैःकाञ्चनभूषणैः ।वानराणामनीकेषुचकारकदनंमहत् ।।6.96.41।।

Transliteration

tataḥ kruddho daśagrīvaḥ śaraiḥ kāñcana-bhūṣaṇaiḥ |

vānarāṇām anīkeṣu cakāra kadanaṁ mahat ||6.96.41||

Translation

പിന്നീട് ക്രോധിതനായ ദശഗ്രീവൻ രാവണൻ സ്വർണാഭരണങ്ങളാൽ അലങ്കരിച്ച അമ്പുകളാൽ വാനരസേനയുടെ വ്യൂഹങ്ങളിൽ മഹാസംഹാരം വരുത്തി.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: कालाधिकरण (Kāla-adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; काल/अनुक्रम (then/thereupon)

• क्रुद्धः: enraged
• क्रुद्धः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √क्रुध् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (daśagrīvaḥ)

• दशग्रीवः: the ten-necked (Ravana)
• दशग्रीवः: कर्ता (Kartā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश-ग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि समास (दश ग्रीवाः यस्य); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण

• काञ्चनभूषणैः: with golden ornaments (i.e., golden-adorned)
• काञ्चनभूषणैः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काञ्चन-भूषण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (काञ्चनस्य भूषणम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (śaraiḥ)

• वानराणाम्: of the Vanaras
• वानराणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अनीकेषु: in the ranks/armies
• अनीकेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; अधिकरण (locus)

• चकार: did/made
• चकार: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कदनम्: slaughter, havoc
• कदनम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महत्: great
• महत्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (kadanam)

Context

There the ten-headed Ravana using arrows adorned with gold plumes struck Vanaras and a great war took place.

Characters & Entities

• Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• vānaras
• śara (arrows)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse contrasts outer splendor with inner disorder: ornate weapons do not sanctify violence. Dharma judges action by motive and justice, not by grandeur.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa personally enters combat and devastates the vānaras’ ranks with a volley of decorated arrows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial prowess is shown, but it is coupled with anger—highlighting the absence of righteous restraint that dharmic warfare ideally demands.