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Shloka 43

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

उत्थिष्ठनरशार्दूलदीर्घबाहोधृतव्रत ।किमात्मानंमहात्मानंमात्मानं न बुध्यसे ।।6.83.43।।

utthiṣṭha naraśārdūla dīrghabāho dhṛtavrata | kim ātmānaṁ mahātmānaṁ mātmānaṁ na budhyase ||6.83.43||

എഴുന്നേൽക്കുക, നരശാർദൂലാ! ദീർഘബാഹുവേ, ധൃതവ്രതനേ! മഹാത്മാവായ നീ, ആത്മനിയന്ത്രകനായ നീ—നിന്നെത്തന്നെ എന്തുകൊണ്ട് തിരിച്ചറിയുന്നില്ല?

uttiṣṭharise
uttiṣṭha:
Preraṇā (प्रेरणा)
TypeVerb
Rootut + sthā (स्था धातु)
FormLoṭ (imperative/लोट्), Madhyama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada
naraśārdūlaO tiger among men
naraśārdūla:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnara + śārdūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘nara-śārdūla’ = ‘tiger among men’; Pumliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
dīrghabāhoO long-armed one
dīrghabāho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdīrgha + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) ‘one whose arms are long’; Pumliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
dhṛtavrataO steadfast in vow
dhṛtavrata:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdhṛta (धृ धातु, क्त; कृदन्त) + vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) ‘one who has undertaken/held a vow’; Pumliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
kimwhy?/what?
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative particle (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
ātmānamyourself/the self
ātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga (often masc.), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana
mahātmānamthe great-souled (self)
mahātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) ‘great-souled’; Pumliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; apposition to ātmānam
do not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya (निषेध-अव्यय) used with imperative/optative sense: ‘do not’
ātmānamyourself
ātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; repeated for emphasis
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya (negation particle)
budhyaseyou understand/realize
budhyase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbudh (बुध् धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, present), Madhyama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

"O tiger among men! O broad shouldered endowed with fortitude! Why do you not know yourself that you are a great soul and doer of action?"

R
Rāma

FAQs

Dharma rests on self-knowledge and self-command; one must remember one’s responsibility and inner strength in adversity.

Rāma is shaken by tragic news; he is urged to rise and recall his identity as a steadfast protector.

Ātma-saṁyama (self-control) and dhṛti (steadfastness).