Shloka 77

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

अथवास्वयमप्येषमोक्षंप्राप्स्यतिपार्थिव ।गृहीतोऽयंयदिभवेत्रिदशैस्सासुरोरगैः ।।।।

Transliteration

athavā svayam apy eṣa mokṣaṃ prāpsyati pārthiva | gṛhīto 'yaṃ yadi bhavet tridaśaiḥ sāsuroragaiḥ ||

Translation

അല്ലെങ്കിൽ, ഹേ രാജാവേ, അവൻ സ്വയം തന്നെ മോചനം പ്രാപിക്കും; ദേവന്മാർ അസുരന്മാരോടും നാഗങ്ങളോടും കൂടി അവനെ പിടിച്ചാലും പോലും.

Word by Word

• अथवा: or else
• अथवा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथवा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-निपात (alternative particle)

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: oneself)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कार (particle: also/even)

• एषः: this man/he
• एषः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन

• मोक्षम्: release, liberation
• मोक्षम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• प्राप्स्यति: will attain
• प्राप्स्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Future); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन

• पार्थिव: O king
• पार्थिव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (Vocative); एकवचन

• गृहीतः: captured
• गृहीतः: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement of ‘भवेत्’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; शर्तार्थक-निपात (conditional particle)

• भवेत्: would be / might become
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• त्रिदशैः: by the gods
• त्रिदशैः: Karana (करण/instrument, agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental); बहुवचन; समास: त्रि + दश (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः; conventional ‘thirty’, i.e., gods)

• सासुरोरगैः: together with demons and serpents
• सासुरोरगैः: Karana (करण/instrument, accompanying agents)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स + असुर + उरग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; बहुवचन; समास: असुराः च उरगाः च (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व) with सह- (स-) prefix meaning ‘together with’

Context

'Or else this Sugriva alone can get liberated by fighting by himself with gods, demons and Nagas also, even if he is captured'.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• tridaśa (gods)
• asura (demons)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is trust in a righteous ally’s strength and agency: even while offering help, one honors the dignity and capability of the one in distress.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva has been carried off; Hanumān argues that Sugrīva is powerful enough to secure his own freedom, even against overwhelming forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Confidence in comrades (sakhya-dharma) and measured counsel—Hanumān balances urgency with respect for Sugrīva’s prowess.