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Shloka 8

प्रथमः सर्गः

Rama Praises Hanuman; Anxiety over Crossing the Ocean

नियुक्तोय: परं कार्यं न कुर्यान्नृपतेः प्रियम् ।भृत्योऽभृत्यस्समर्थोऽपि तमाहुर्मध्यमं नरम् ।।।।

niyukto yaḥ paraṃ kāryaṃ na kuryān nṛpateḥ priyam | bhṛtyo 'bhṛtyaḥ samartho 'pi tam āhur madhyamaṃ naram ||

നിയോഗിക്കപ്പെട്ടിട്ടും രാജാവിന് പ്രിയവും ഹിതകരവുമായ അധികമായ പരമകാര്യവും ചെയ്യാതിരിക്കുന്ന, കഴിവുണ്ടായിട്ടും അങ്ങനെ ഇരിക്കുന്ന ഭൃത്യൻ അഭൃത്യസമൻ—മധ്യമപുരുഷൻ എന്നു പറയുന്നു.

niyuktaḥappointed
niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootni+yuj (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यः
paramanother/further
param:
Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (kāryam)
kāryamtask
kāryam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
kuryātshould do
kuryāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; न-निषेधेन 'should not do'
nṛpateḥof the king
nṛpateḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
priyamwhat is dear/pleasing
priyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; 'प्रियं (कार्यं)' understood
bhṛtyaḥa servant
bhṛtyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootbhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
abhṛtyaḥunservantlike
abhṛtyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota+bhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (bhṛtyaḥ)
samarthaḥcapable
samarthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (bhṛtyaḥ)
apieven though
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (concessive particle)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of āhuḥ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
āhuḥthey call
āhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
madhyamammiddling/mediocre
madhyamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootmadhyama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (naram)
naramman
naram:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

An efficient servant does not only do what is asked but also does the work dear to the king. One who does not do so is said to be mediocre.

N
nṛpati (king) (generic)

FAQs

Dharma of service includes proactive goodwill: not merely completing orders, but advancing the rightful aims of the leader and the mission.

A graded evaluation of servants is being taught, using Hanumān implicitly as the highest standard.

Proactive responsibility—intelligence and initiative aligned with the master’s righteous interest.