Shloka 31

लाङ्गूलदाह-पर्यटनम्

The Burning Tail and the Parade through Laṅkā

Devanagari script

यदि मां तारयेदार्यस्सुग्रीवः सत्यसङ्गरः।।5.53.31।।अस्माद्धुःखाम्बुसंरोधाच्छीतो भव हनूमतः।

Transliteration

yadi māṃ tārayed āryaḥ sugrīvaḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ ||5.53.31|| asmād duḥkhāmbusaṃrodhāc chīto bhava hanūmataḥ |

Translation

ആര്യനും സത്യസംഗ്രാമിയുമായ സുഗ്രീവൻ എന്നെ ഈ ദുഃഖപ്രളയത്തിൽ നിന്നു രക്ഷിച്ചാൽ, ഹേ അഗ്നേ, ഹനുമാനോടു ശീതളനും കരുണാന്വിതനുമായിരിക്കണമേ.

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: Condition (शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; शर्तवाचक

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तारयेत्: should rescue / would deliver
• तारयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्; causative sense ‘to cause to cross/rescue’ (denominative/णिच् implied in usage)

• आर्यः: noble
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सुग्रीवः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• सुग्रीवः: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सत्य-सङ्गरः: true to his pledge in battle
• सत्य-सङ्गरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्गर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमासः (‘सत्यः सङ्गरः/प्रतिज्ञा यस्य’—idiomatic); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सुग्रीवः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• अस्मात्: from this
• अस्मात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम्/अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; deictic pronoun used ablatively

• दुःख-अम्बु-संरोधात्: from the ocean/barrier of sorrow-waters
• दुःख-अम्बु-संरोधात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + अम्बु (प्रातिपदिक) + संरोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (दुःखरूपम् अम्बु, तस्य संरोधः/समुद्रः—idiomatic); पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शीतः: cool
• शीतः: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भव: be
• भव: Vidhi/Command (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट्, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• हनूमतः: for Hanuman
• हनूमतः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

"If Sugriva is true to his promise to fight (for me), if he should be able to rescue me from this ocean of agony let Hanuman be cool (not consumed by fire.)"

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Sugrīva
• Hanumān
• Agni (Fire-god)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as social dharma: alliances and promises must be upheld; Sītā invokes the moral weight of pledged duty as a basis for divine protection.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā, powerless outwardly, frames her prayer through the righteousness of Rāma’s allies and their commitment to rescue her.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s satya (truthfulness/faithfulness to pledge) is foregrounded as the virtue expected of a righteous ally.