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Shloka 2

लाङ्गूलदाह-पर्यटनम्

The Burning Tail and the Parade through Laṅkā

सम्यगुक्तं हि भवता दूतवध्या विगर्हिता।अवश्यं तु वधादन्यः क्रियतामस्य निग्रहः।।5.53.2।।

samyag uktaṃ hi bhavatā dūtavadhyā vigarhitā | avaśyaṃ tu vadhād anyaḥ kriyatām asya nigrahaḥ ||5.53.2||

നിങ്ങൾ പറഞ്ഞത് യഥാർത്ഥം തന്നെ—ദൂതവധം നിന്ദ്യമാണ്. എങ്കിലും മരണശിക്ഷയല്ലാത്ത മറ്റൊരു ദണ്ഡത്തിലൂടെ അവനെ നിർബന്ധമായി നിയന്ത്രിക്കണം.

सम्यक्properly, well
सम्यक्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)
उक्तम्said, spoken
उक्तम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate complement)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वाक्य-रूपेण (it has been said)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-निपात (indeed)
भवताby you
भवता:
Kartr (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; आदरार्थक-सर्वनाम
दूतवध्याkilling of a messenger
दूतवध्या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत+वध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (दूतस्य वध्या/वधः)
विगर्हिताis condemned
विगर्हिता:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवि+गर्ह् (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (is censured)
अवश्यम्surely
अवश्यम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअवश्यम् (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (certainly)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/contrast)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (but/however)
वधात्than killing/from killing
वधात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative)
TypeNoun
Rootवध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
अन्यःanother, different
अन्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying निग्रहः)
क्रियताम्let (it) be done
क्रियताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (let it be done)
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
निग्रहःrestraint, punishment
निग्रहः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

"Indeed, you have spoken very well.Killing of emissary is censured (in sastras). Surely we will impose suitable punishment other than killing.

D
dūta (envoy)

FAQs

Even in conflict, dharma sets limits: an envoy is protected by convention and śāstric ethics, so punishment must not violate that protected status.

In Laṅkā’s court, after Hanumān is captured as a messenger, the discussion turns to what penalty is permissible; the decision is to punish without executing him.

Respect for maryādā (ethical boundaries of war and diplomacy), expressed as adherence to the rule that a dūta should not be slain.