Shloka 12

लाङ्गूलदाह-पर्यटनम्

The Burning Tail and the Parade through Laṅkā

Devanagari script

यदि भर्तुर्हितार्थाय चरन्तं भर्तृशासनात्।।5.53.12।।बध्नन्त्येते दुरात्मनो न तु मे निष्कृतिः कृता।

Transliteration

yadi bhartur hitārthāya carantaṁ bhartṛśāsanāt | badhnanty ete durātmāno na tu me niṣkṛtiḥ kṛtā ||5.53.12||

Translation

യജമാനന്റെ കല്പനപ്രകാരം യജമാനന്റെ ഹിതത്തിനായി സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്ന എന്നെ ഈ ദുഷ്ടന്മാർ ബന്ധിക്കുന്നുവെങ്കിൽ, ഫലത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഇവർക്കു എളുപ്പത്തിൽ രക്ഷപ്പെടാൻ ഞാൻ വഴിയൊരുക്കുകയില്ല.

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्त-निर्देशक अव्यय (conditional conjunction)

• भर्तुः: of (my) lord
• भर्तुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• हितार्थाय: for (his) welfare
• हितार्थाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (Dative of purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हित + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (हितस्य अर्थः), चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; purpose/dative

• चरन्तम्: (me) moving/acting
• चरन्तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; object of बध्नन्ति

• भर्तृशासनात्: by the lord's command
• भर्तृशासनात्: अपादान/हेतु (Ablative of cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ + शासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (भर्तुः शासनम्), पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; ablative 'from/by reason of'

• बध्नन्ति: bind
• बध्नन्ति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• एते: these
• एते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• दुरात्मनः: evil-minded ones
• दुरात्मनः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (दुष्ट आत्मा यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; appositional to एते

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• तु: however
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; contrast

• मे: for me
• मे: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचन रूप (enclitic); here षष्ठी (Genitive) 'for me/of me'

• निष्कृतिः: escape/deliverance
• निष्कृतिः: कर्ता/विधेय (Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्कृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृता: is done/made
• कृता: क्रिया (Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृत (कृदन्त; √कृ + क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate with implied 'अस्ति'

Context

'These evil-minded demons bind me, ordered by their lord. When I am moving here for the welfare of my master, I will not let them escape৷৷

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rākṣasas
• Rāma (implied by 'bhartuḥ' as Hanumān’s lord)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes accountability: wrongdoing done under orders does not become righteous; those who obstruct a righteous mission invite fitting consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān notes the rākṣasas bind him by their lord’s command while he acts for his own lord’s welfare, and he resolves not to let them go unpunished.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Niṣṭhā (steadfast loyalty) to Rāma’s purpose, coupled with a sense of justice.