Shloka 20

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

दशपद्मो दशबृहत्त्रिभिर्व्याप्तो द्विशुक्लवान्।षडुन्नतो नवतनुस्त्रिभिर्व्याप्नोति राघवः।।।।

Transliteration

daśapadmo daśabṛhat tribhir vyāpto dviśuklavān | ṣaḍunnato navatanus tribhir vyāpnoti rāghavaḥ ||

Translation

രാഘവനിൽ പത്ത് പദ്മസദൃശ ലക്ഷണങ്ങളും പത്ത് വിശാലവും സുനിർമ്മിതവുമായ ഭാഗങ്ങളും ഉണ്ട്; അവൻ മൂന്ന് ശ്രേഷ്ഠതകളാൽ വ്യാപ്തനാണ്—തേജസ്, യശസ്, മഹിമ. രണ്ട് ലക്ഷണങ്ങൾ ശ്വേതം—നേത്രങ്ങളും ദന്തങ്ങളും; ആറു ഭാഗങ്ങൾ ഉന്നതം; ഒമ്പത് സൂക്ഷ്മവും തീക്ഷ്ണവും. ജീവിതത്തിന്റെ മൂന്ന് വിഭാഗങ്ങളിലും അവൻ ധർമ്മമാർഗം അനുസരിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• daśa-padmaḥ: lotus-like in ten parts
• daśa-padmaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + padma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास

• daśa-bṛhat: great/well-developed in ten parts
• daśa-bṛhat: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + bṛhat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (bṛhat as adjective-stem)

• tribhiḥ: by/with three (aspects)
• tribhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tri (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• vyāptaḥ: pervaded; widely known
• vyāptaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyāpta (कृदन्त, vi-√āp-आप्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)

• dvi-śukla-vān: having two white parts
• dvi-śukla-vān: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvi (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + śukla (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वत्-प्रत्ययान्त

• ṣaḍ-unnataḥ: raised in six parts
• ṣaḍ-unnataḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṭ (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + unnata (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक, ud-√nam-नम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास; उन्नत = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त

• nava-tanuḥ: having nine fine features
• nava-tanuḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nava (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + tanu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास

• tribhiḥ: by/with three (ways)
• tribhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tri (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• vyāpnoti: pervades; follows; attains
• vyāpnoti: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√āp (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

"Ten limbs of the body resemble lotuses. He has proportionate limbs. He is known by the virtue of his spledour, fame and glory. Both his teeth and eyes are fair. Six parts of his body are elevated, nine parts of his body are fine and sharp. He pursues spiritual merit, worldly comfort and sensual delight in three periods of the day-forenoon, midday and evening. He always adopts the righteous way of life.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava
• Raghu (dynastic reference)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Right ordering of life: even prosperity and pleasure are legitimate only when aligned with dharma; the ideal person integrates the three aims under righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān presents Rāma not only as physically auspicious but as morally ordered—one who pursues life’s aims in a disciplined, righteous way.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dharma-niṣṭhā (commitment to righteousness) combined with disciplined enjoyment and responsibility.