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Shloka 37

हनुमता सीतासंवादोपायचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Deliberation on How to Address Sita

भूताश्चार्था विनश्यन्ति देशकालविरोधिताः।।।।विक्लबं दूतमासाद्य तमः सूर्योदये यथा।

bhūtāś cārthā vinaśyanti deśakālavirodhitāḥ | viklabaṃ dūtam āsādya tamaḥ sūryodaye yathā ||

ദേശവും കാലവും വിരോധമായാൽ ഉറപ്പുള്ള കാര്യമെങ്കിലും നശിക്കുന്നു; ആശയക്കുഴപ്പമുള്ള ദൂതനെ ആശ്രയിച്ചാൽ—സൂര്യോദയത്തിൽ ഇരുട്ട് അകലുന്നതുപോലെ—കാര്യവും ചിതറിപ്പോകുന്നു.

bhūtāḥalready-set/established
bhūtāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formकृदन्तः क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle used adjectivally); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा; बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् arthāḥ; अर्थः "भूत" = already accomplished/established
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
arthāḥpurposes/missions
arthāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा; बहुवचनम्
vinaśyantiperish/are ruined
vinaśyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi- + √naś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम्
deśakālavirodhitāḥopposed to place and time (ill-timed/ill-placed)
deśakālavirodhitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdeśa (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + virodhita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formसमासः (deśa-kāla-virodhitāḥ) तत्पुरुष-प्रायः; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा; बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् arthāḥ; अर्थः "देशकाल-विरुद्धाः"
viklabamconfused/hesitant
viklabam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviklaba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् dūtam
dūtama messenger
dūtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्
āsādyahaving employed/obtained
āsādya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā- + √sad (धातु)
Formकृदन्तः ल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund); अर्थः "प्राप्य/आसाद्य" = having obtained/approached
tamaḥdarkness
tamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा; एकवचनम्
sūryodayeat sunrise
sūryodaye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsūryodaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/कर्मधारय-प्रायः (sūryasya udayaḥ); पुंलिङ्गः; सप्तमी; एकवचनम्
yathājust as
yathā:
Upamāna (उपमान-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्यय ("as/like")

"Even well planned diplomatic missions fail like darkness dispelled at Sunrise if the messenger is confused and if the place and time are not propitious for them.

H
Hanumān
D
Dūta (messenger)

FAQs

Dharma in action includes deśa-kāla (appropriateness of place and time) and fitness of the agent; even righteous aims fail without proper execution.

Hanumān reminds himself that the success of contacting Sītā depends on choosing the right moment and manner, and not behaving like a shaken or confused envoy.

Professional competence and composure—qualities essential to a dhārmic messenger.