Shloka 10

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

प्लवङ्गप्रवरैर्दृष्टः प्लवने कृतनिश्चयः।ववृधे रामवृद्ध्यर्थं समुद्र इव पर्वसु।।।।

Transliteration

plavaṅgapravarair dṛṣṭaḥ plavane kṛtaniścayaḥ |

vavṛdhe rāmavṛddhyarthaṁ samudra iva parvasu ||

Translation

ശ്രേഷ്ഠ വാനരന്മാർ നോക്കി നിൽക്കെ, ചാട്ടം ചെയ്യാൻ ദൃഢനിശ്ചയം ചെയ്ത്, രാമവിജയാർത്ഥം ഹനുമാൻ തന്റെ രൂപം വിപുലമാക്കി—പർവ്വദിനങ്ങളിൽ സമുദ്രം ഉയരുന്നതുപോലെ.

Word by Word

• plavaṅga-pravaraiḥ: by the foremost monkeys
• plavaṅga-pravaraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + pravara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: plavaṅgānāṃ pravarāḥ (chiefs among monkeys)

• dṛṣṭaḥ: seen (was)
• dṛṣṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Bhūta-kṛdanta (past passive participle/क्त): dṛṣṭa (seen); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• plavane: in the leap / in leaping
• plavane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī (Locative/7th), Ekavacana

• kṛta-niścayaḥ: resolved
• kṛta-niścayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः: kṛtaḥ niścayaḥ yena (one who has made a resolve)

• vavṛdhe: grew
• vavṛdhe: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛdh (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Ātmanepada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; धातु: वृध् (to grow)

• rāma-vṛddhi-artham: for Rama's welfare
• rāma-vṛddhi-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: rāmasya vṛddhyartham (for Rama's welfare/prosperity)

• samudraḥ: the ocean
• samudraḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमाद्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, upamā-vācaka (simile particle/उपमावाचक)

• parvasu: on festival/full-moon days
• parvasu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī (Locative/7th), Bahuvacana

Context

Having made up his mind to leap for the cause of Rama, Hanuman began to grow in size just as the sea grows during the full-moon and new-moon days, while the monkey troops were watching.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Ocean (Samudra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is purposeful strength: power is cultivated not for pride but to serve a righteous end—Rāma’s just mission and Sītā’s recovery.

What is the narrative situation?

Just before crossing the ocean, Hanumān prepares to leap, and his body enlarges in readiness while the vānaras observe.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vīrya guided by devotion—disciplined might aligned with duty rather than ego.