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Shloka 16

कौसल्याविलापः

Kausalya’s Lament and Ethical Analogies on Kingship

न परेणाऽहृतं भक्ष्यं व्याघ्रः खादितुमिच्छति।एवमेतन्नरव्याघ्रः परलीढं न मन्यते।।2.61.16।।

na pareṇāhṛtaṃ bhakṣyaṃ vyāghraḥ khāditum icchati |

evam etan naravyāghraḥ paralīḍhaṃ na manyate || 2.61.16 ||

മറ്റൊരു മൃഗം കൊണ്ടുവന്ന ആഹാരം കടുവ തിന്നാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കാത്തതുപോലെ, മനുഷ്യരിൽ കടുവയായ ശ്രീരാമൻ മറ്റുള്ളവർ മുമ്പേ ആസ്വദിച്ച ‘പരലീഢ’ രാജ്യം സ്വീകരിക്കുകയില്ല.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
pareṇaby another (one)
pareṇa:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन
āhṛtambrought/procured
āhṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√hṛ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भक्ष्यम् इति विशेषण
bhakṣyamfood (to be eaten)
bhakṣyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhakṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
vyāghraḥtiger
vyāghraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन
khāditumto eat
khāditum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√khād (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive (tumun), ‘to eat’
icchatidesires
icchati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
evamthus/in the same way
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formरीत्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
nara-vyāghraḥtiger among men (Rama)
nara-vyāghraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘men’s tiger’ = best among men), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
para-līḍhamlicked/enjoyed by another
para-līḍham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक) + līḍha (प्रातिपदिक; √lih क्त)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; līḍha = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) from √lih ‘to lick’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; एतत् इति विशेषण
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
manyateaccepts/considers
manyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√man (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Havis, sacrificial offerings like ghee, cakes, kusha grass, and sacrificial posts made from khadira wood, once used in the sacrifice cannot be used again.

R
Rāma

FAQs

Legitimate rule is not merely possession; it must be morally clean and properly conferred. Dharma rejects benefits obtained through another’s wrongdoing or prior improper enjoyment.

The speaker argues that Rāma will refuse any ‘second-hand’ kingship—one made tainted by prior appropriation—intensifying the warning to the king.

Rāma’s integrity and royal dignity (maryādā): he will not accept compromised power.