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Shloka 2

Virādha-saṃvādaḥ — Encounter with Virādha in the Daṇḍakāraṇya

Aranya Kanda, Sarga 2

Devanagari script

नानामृगगणाकीर्णमृक्षशार्दूल सेवितम्।ध्वस्तवृक्षलतागुल्मं दुर्दर्शसलिलाशयम्।।।।निष्कूजनानाशकुनिझिल्लिकागणनादितम्।लक्ष्मणानुगतो रामो वनमध्यं ददर्श ह।।।।

Transliteration

nānāmṛgagaṇākīrṇam ṛkṣaśārdūlasevitam |

dhvastavṛkṣalatāgulmaṃ durdarśasalilāśayam ||

niṣkūjanānāśakunijhillikāgaṇanāditam |

lakṣmaṇānugato rāmo vanamadhyaṃ dadarśa ha ||3.2.2||

Translation

ലക്ഷ്മണൻ അനുഗമിക്കെ രാമൻ വനത്തിന്റെ മദ്ധ്യഭാഗം കണ്ടു—വിവിധ മൃഗക്കൂട്ടങ്ങളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞത്, കരടുകളും കടുവകളും സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നതു; വൃക്ഷ-ലത-കുറ്റിച്ചെടികൾ തകർന്നുകിടക്കുന്നതും, ജലാശയങ്ങൾ കാണാൻ ദുഷ്കരമായതും; അനവധി പക്ഷികളുടെ കൂകയും ചില്ലിക്കകളുടെ ചിരിച്ചിരി നാദവും മുഴങ്ങുന്നതും.

Word by Word
नाना-मृग-गण-आकीर्णम्filled with groups of various animals
नाना-मृग-गण-आकीर्णम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnānā + mṛga + gaṇa + ākīrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘वनमध्यम्’; समास: (i) नाना-मृग (कर्मधारय), (ii) नाना-मृग-गण (तत्पुरुष), (iii) तेन आकीर्णम् (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष)
ऋक्ष-शार्दूल-सेवितम्inhabited by bears and tigers
ऋक्ष-शार्दूल-सेवितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṛkṣa + śārdūla + sevita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘वनमध्यम्’; द्वन्द्व (ऋक्ष-शार्दूल) + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘सेवित’ (inhabited)
ध्वस्त-वृक्ष-लता-गुल्मम्with trees, creepers, and shrubs destroyed
ध्वस्त-वृक्ष-लता-गुल्मम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhvasta + vṛkṣa + latā + gulma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘वनमध्यम्’; द्वन्द्व (वृक्ष-लता-गुल्म) + कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष with ‘ध्वस्त’ (destroyed)
दुर्दर्श-सलिल-आशयम्having water-reservoirs hard to see
दुर्दर्श-सलिल-आशयम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdurdarśa + salila + āśaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘वनमध्यम्’; तत्पुरुष-समास (‘दुर्दर्शः सलिलाशयः’/‘दुर्दर्शाः सलिलाशयाः यस्मिन्’)
निष्कूजन-नाना-शकुनि-झिल्लिका-गण-नादितम्resounding with chirping of various birds and crickets
निष्कूजन-नाना-शकुनि-झिल्लिका-गण-नादितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniṣkūjana + nānā + śakuni + jhillikā + gaṇa + nādita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘वनमध्यम्’; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘(नाना-शकुनि-झिल्लिका-गणस्य) निष्कूजन-नादेन नादितम्’ (resounding with sounds)
लक्ष्मण-अनुगतःfollowed by Lakṣmaṇa
लक्ष्मण-अनुगतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootlakṣmaṇa + anugata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘रामः’; तत्पुरुष (‘लक्ष्मणेन अनुगतः’ = followed by Lakṣmaṇa)
रामःRama
रामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
वन-मध्यम्the middle of the forest
वन-मध्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvana + madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (‘वनस्य मध्यम्’ = middle of the forest)
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; √दृश् (to see)
हindeed (particle)
ह:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, पदपूरण/स्मरणार्थक निपात (expletive particle)
Context

With Lakshmana following, Rama went through the forest, filled with herds of animals and inhabited by bears and tigers. It was a place where trees, creepers and bushes were crushed (by frequent visits of demons). It was difficult to locate a water source. And it resounded with the chirping of various birds and insects (crickets).

Characters & Entities
R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

Dharma in exile includes endurance and disciplined passage through hardship; the forest setting frames the moral testing-ground where virtues are proven.

The narration describes the dangerous, resource-scarce forest terrain that Rama and Lakshmana traverse during exile.

Perseverance and tapas-like resilience: they proceed into harsh wilderness without abandoning duty.

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