Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 15
Devanagari script
तत्त्वसंश्रवणाद् एव तत्त्वज्ञो जायते नृप पञ्चविंशतितत्त्वानि प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः //
Translation
മഹത്തത്വത്തിൽ നിന്ന് അഹങ്കാരം ഉണ്ടായി, അത് പഞ്ചഭൂതങ്ങൾക്ക് കാരണമാണ്. അത് വൈകാരികം, തൈജസം, താമസ എന്നിങ്ങനെ മൂന്നു വിധത്തിലുണ്ട്.
Word by Word
tattva-saṃśravaṇātfrom the hearing of the principles
tattva-saṃśravaṇāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source-cause)
TypeNoun
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃśravaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (Ablative/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) — saṃśravaṇa प्रधान; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (tattvasya saṃśravaṇam)
evaindeed; only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण (Emphatic particle/अवधारणाव्यय)
tattva-jñaḥa knower of reality
tattva-jñaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक) + jña (ज्ञ प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (tattvasya jñaḥ = knower of truth)
jāyatearises; is born
jāyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (जन् धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; भावे/कर्तरि—“is born/comes to be”
nṛpaO king
nṛpa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
pañca-viṃśati-tattvānithe twenty-five principles
pañca-viṃśati-tattvāni:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpañca (संख्या) + viṃśati (संख्या) + tattva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (pañcaviṃśati = 25) तत्पुरुषवत् संख्यापूर्वकः
pravadantideclare; expound
pravadanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+vad (वद् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
manīṣiṇaḥthe sages; the wise
manīṣiṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmanīṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन
Speaker
A teacher/sage addressing a king (explicit ‘nṛpa’).