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Shloka 11

Bhagavān’s Avatāras, Their Protections (Poṣaṇa), and the Limits of Knowing Him

सत्रे ममास भगवान् हयशीरषाथो साक्षात् स यज्ञपुरुषस्तपनीयवर्ण: । छन्दोमयो मखमयोऽखिलदेवतात्मा वाचो बभूवुरुशती: श्वसतोऽस्य नस्त: ॥ ११ ॥

satre mamāsa bhagavān haya-śīraṣātho sākṣāt sa yajña-puruṣas tapanīya-varṇaḥ chandomayo makhamayo ’khila-devatātmā vāco babhūvur uśatīḥ śvasato ’sya nastaḥ

എന്റെ (ബ്രഹ്മാവിന്റെ) യജ്ഞസത്രത്തിൽ ഭഗവാൻ സാക്ഷാൽ ഹയഗ്രീവാവതാരമായി പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെട്ടു. സ്വർണവർണ്ണനായ യജ്ഞപുരുഷൻ, വേദഛന്ദസ്സുകളുടെ രൂപം, സർവ്വദേവതകളുടെയും അന്തര്യാമി—അവൻ. അവൻ ശ്വസിച്ചപ്പോൾ തന്നെ അവന്റെ നാസാരന്ധ്രങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് വേദസ്തുതികളുടെ മധുരധ്വനികൾ പുറപ്പെട്ടു।

satrein the sacrificial session
satre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
mamaof me / my
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun
āsawas
āsa:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as अस् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
bhagavānthe Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
haya-śīraṣāthaḥthe horse-headed one (Hayagrīva)
haya-śīraṣāthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothaya-śīrṣa-ātha (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); bahuvrīhi: haya-śīrṣa (हयशीर्ष, horse-head) + ātha (आथ/नाथ-like 'lord/possessor') meaning 'he whose head is a horse'
sākṣātdirectly, manifestly
sākṣāt:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākṣāt (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun
yajña-puruṣaḥthe person of sacrifice
yajña-puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña-puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: yajña (यज्ञ) + puruṣa (पुरुष)
tapanīya-varṇaḥgolden-hued
tapanīya-varṇaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottapanīya-varṇa (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: tapanīya (तपनीय, gold) + varṇa (वर्ण)
chandomayaḥconsisting of Vedic metres
chandomayaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootchandas-maya (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: chandas (छन्दस्, Vedic metres) + maya (मय)
makhamayaḥconsisting of sacrifice
makhamayaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmakha-maya (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: makha (मख, sacrifice) + maya (मय)
akhila-devatātmāwhose self is all the deities
akhila-devatātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootakhila-devatā-ātman (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: akhila (अखिल) + devatā (देवता) + ātmā (आत्मन्)
vācaḥutterances/words
vācaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
babhūvuḥbecame / arose
babhūvuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū भू (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
uśatīḥpleasing, desirable
uśatīḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootuśatī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with vācaḥ
śvasataḥof (him) breathing
śvasataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootśvasat (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √śvas श्वस् (धातु) + शतृ)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); present participle used substantively: 'of (him) breathing'
asyaof him
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
nastaḥfrom us two
nastaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootnas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (5th/पञ्चमी), Dual (द्विवचन); 1st person pronoun base (नस्)

The Vedic hymns are generally meant for sacrifices performed by fruitive workers who also want to satisfy the demigods to achieve their fruitive result. But the Lord is the personified sacrifices and personified Vedic hymns. Therefore one who is directly a devotee of the Lord is a person who has automatically both served the purposes of sacrifices and pleased the demigods. The devotees of the Lord may not perform any sacrifice or may not please the demigods as per Vedic injunctions, and still the devotees are on a higher level than the fruitive workers or the worshipers of different demigods.

H
Hayagrīva
Y
Yajña-puruṣa (the Lord as the Person of Sacrifice)

FAQs

In this verse, Hayagrīva is identified as Bhagavān Himself, the Yajña-puruṣa—radiant and divine—who embodies the Vedas and sacrifice, revered as the source and protector of sacred knowledge.

The verse teaches that Vedic sound (vācaḥ)—the mantras and meters (chandas)—is not a human invention but originates from the Supreme Lord, indicating the transcendental, apauruṣeya nature of the Vedas.

By honoring Vedic sound through sincere chanting, study, and devotion, and by remembering that all sacred knowledge and spiritual practice ultimately rests on the Supreme Lord as its source.