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Atharva Veda 18.2.28: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 28

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये दस्य॑वः पि॒तृषु॑ प्रवि॑ष्टा ज्ञातिमु॒खा अ॑हु॒ताद॒श्चर॑न्ति । प॒रा॒पुरो॑ नि॒पुरो॒ ये भर॑न्त्य॒ग्निष्टान॒स्मात् प्र ध॑माति य॒ज्ञात्

IAST Transliteration

yé dásyavaḥ pitṛ́ṣu pravíṣṭā jñātimukhā́ ahutā́daś cáranti | parāpuró nipuró yé bháranty agníṣ tā́n asmā́t prá dhamāti yajñā́t

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Those Dasyus who have entered among the Fathers, kinsmen-faced, who roam as eaters of the unoffered; those fortress-spoilers, fortress-breakers who bear away—Agni from this sacrifice blows them forth and drives them off.

Translation

പിതൃകളുടെ ഇടയിൽ പ്രവേശിച്ച ആ ദസ്യുക്കൾ—ജ്ഞാതി-മുഖമുള്ളവർ—അഹുത (അർപ്പിക്കാത്ത)തിന്റെ ഭോജകരായി അലഞ്ഞുനടക്കുന്നവർ; പുരോ (ദുർഗ്ഗ/കോട്ട)കൾ കൊള്ളയടിക്കുന്നവർ, പുരോ തകർക്കുന്നവർ, എടുത്തുകൊണ്ടുപോകുന്നവർ—അഗ്നി ഈ യജ്ഞത്തിൽ നിന്ന് അവരെ ഊതി പുറത്താക്കി അകറ്റി ഓടിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दस्यवःhostile men / foes
दस्यवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
पितृषुamong the Fathers (ancestors)
पितृषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रविष्टाःhaving entered
प्रविष्टाः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (past passive) used adjectivally
Rootवि-विश् (धातु) → प्रविष्ट (क्त-प्रत्यय)
ज्ञाति-मुखाःwith kinsmen as their ‘faces’ / led by relatives
ज्ञाति-मुखाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootज्ञाति (प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः: बहुव्रीहिः/कर्मधारय-प्रायः)
अहुतात्from the unoffered (oblation) / from what is not sacrificed
अहुतात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun/Adjective (negated PPP) used substantively
Rootआ-हु (धातु) → आहुत (क्त) + अ- (नञ्) → अहुत (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्चरण्तिthey roam / they move about
अश्चरण्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु) (वेदिक-रूप: अश्चरन्ति)
परापुरःdistant strongholds / far-off forts
परापुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपरा + पुर (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः/निपात-पूर्वक-प्रातिपदिक)
निपुरःnear strongholds / nearby forts
निपुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनि + पुर (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः/उपसर्ग-पूर्वक-प्रातिपदिक)
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
भरन्तिthey bear / carry / bring
भरन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु)
अग्निःAgni (fire)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मात्from this
अस्मात्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth / forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (निपात)
धमातिblows (away)
धमाति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootध्मा (धातु)
यज्ञात्from the sacrifice
यज्ञात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary tradition (AV 18)

Devata: Agni (as purifier/expeller); secondarily Pitṛs as protected recipients

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra

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