Atharva Veda 15.11.4 — Kanda 15, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 4
Sukta 11
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यदे॑न॒माह॒ व्रात्यो॑द॒कमित्य॒प ए॒व तेनाव॑ रुन्द्धे
IAST Transliteration
yád enam ā́ha vrā́tyó dákam íty apá evá ténā́va runddhe
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
In that he saith unto him, ‘O Vrātya, (here is) water,’—thereby he verily maketh fast the Waters.
Translation
അവൻ അവനോട് ‘ഹേ വ്രാത്യ, (ഇത്) ജലം’ എന്നു പറയുന്നതിലൂടെ—അവൻ അതിനാൽ ജലങ്ങളെ സത്യമായി ബന്ധിപ്പിച്ച് സ്ഥിരപ്പെടുത്തുന്നു.
Word by Word
यत्when/that which
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (clausal/relative link)
TypeIndeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction) / Pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-आदेश)
आहsaid/called
आह:
(verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु) / √अह् ‘to say’
व्रात्यःthe Vrātya (outsider/ascetic figure)
व्रात्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootव्रात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
उदकम्water
उदकम्:
Karma (object of ‘calls’)
TypeNoun
Rootउदक (प्रातिपदिक)
इति‘thus’/“as”
इति:
(marker of quotation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (निपात)
अपःthe waters
अपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
एवindeed/just
एव:
(emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
तेनby that/with that
तेन:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अवdown/away; (intensifies ‘shut in’)
अव:
(verbal prefix)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
रुन्द्धेshuts in/confines/blocks
रुन्द्धे:
(verb); subject understood = he (Vrātya) or the agent of the act
TypeVerb
Rootरुध् (धातु) ‘to obstruct, confine’
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Vrātya complex)
Devata: Apah (Waters) / Vrātya as recipient-catalyst
Chandas: Ritual prose / explanatory style
Mantra Rasa
Primary: shanta
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