Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 36

Devanagari script

उपेंद्रतप्तानि तपांसि तैश्चिरं स्नाता हि ते चाखिलतीर्थसार्थकैः । स्नात्वेह ये वै मणिकर्णिका ह्रदे समासते मुक्तिजनाश्रयेक्षणम्

Transliteration

upeṃdrataptāni tapāṃsi taiściraṃ snātā hi te cākhilatīrthasārthakaiḥ | snātveha ye vai maṇikarṇikā hrade samāsate muktijanāśrayekṣaṇam

Translation

ໂດຍພວກເຂົາ ຕະປະສະຍາທີ່ເທົ່າກັບຂອງອຸເປນດຣະ ປານດັ່ງໄດ້ປະພຶດມາດົນນານ; ແທ້ຈິງ ປານດັ່ງໄດ້ອາບນ້ຳດ້ວຍອານຸພາບຂອງຕີຣຖະທັງປວງຮ່ວມກັນ. ຜູ້ໃດອາບນ້ຳໃນສະຫຼອງມະນິກັນນິກາ ແລ້ວນັ່ງແມ່ນແຕ່ຊົ່ວຂະນະ ທີ່ພຶ່ງພາຂອງຜູ້ມຸ່ງມອກສະ ຍ່ອມໄດ້ອານຸພາບຊຳລະນັ້ນ.

Word by Word

• उपेन्द्रतप्तानि: austerities performed by Upendra
• उपेन्द्रतप्तानि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + तप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √तप्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; बहुवचन (Nom./Acc. pl.); तत्पुरुषः (उपेन्द्रेण तप्तानि)

• तपांसि: austerities
• तपांसि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; बहुवचन (Nom./Acc. pl.)

• तैः: by those (austerities)
• तैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया; बहुवचन (Instr. pl.)

• चिरम्: for long
• चिरम्: Kriya-viseshana (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (for a long time)

• स्नाताः: (they are) bathed
• स्नाताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन (Nom. pl.; ‘having bathed’)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक निपात (indeed)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन (Nom. pl.)

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (and)

• अखिलतीर्थसार्थकैः: by (means that) make all pilgrimages fruitful
• अखिलतीर्थसार्थकैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अखिल (प्रातिपदिक) + तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + सार्थक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया; बहुवचन (Instr. pl.); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (अखिलैः तीर्थैः सार्थकैः/सार्थकत्वकरैः)

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive); अव्ययभाव (having bathed)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (here)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Relative subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन (Nom. pl.)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक निपात (indeed)

• मणिकर्णिका: of Maṇikarṇikā
• मणिकर्णिका: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मणिकर्णिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी विभक्ति; एकवचन (Gen. sg.; qualifying ‘ह्रदे’)

• ह्रदे: in the lake/pond
• ह्रदे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन (Loc. sg.)

• समासते: sit, abide
• समासते: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + √आस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (3rd pl. pres. Ā.)

• मुक्तिजनाश्रये: in the refuge of the liberated ones
• मुक्तिजनाश्रये: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + जन (प्रातिपदिक) + आश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन (Loc. sg.); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (मुक्तिजनानाम् आश्रयः)

• क्षणम्: for a moment
• क्षणम्: Kala-adhikarana (Duration/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया; एकवचन (Acc. sg.; duration)

Speaker

Śiva

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Maṇikarṇikā-hrada (Maṇikarṇikā-kuṇḍa)

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Acyuta (Viṣṇu)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Maṇikarṇikā pool shimmering beside the Ganga; a pilgrim bathes, then sits in still contemplation near a luminous ‘mukti-āśraya’ spot. A faint vision of Viṣṇu as Upendra performing tapas appears as a comparative motif, dissolving into the pool’s radiance.

Characters & Entities

• Śiva
• Upendra (Viṣṇu)
• Maṇikarṇikā
• Tīrthas
• Mukti-jana

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Kāśī’s Maṇikarṇikā is portrayed as a concentrated field of merit where bathing and even brief abiding equals vast tapas and tīrtha-fruit.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Maṇikarṇikā-hrada (the Maṇikarṇikā sacred pool/ford) in Kāśī.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna at Maṇikarṇikā-hrada, followed by sitting/abiding even briefly at the mukti-janāśraya (refuge associated with liberation-seekers/liberated ones).