Rig Veda 3.23.4 — Mandala 3, Sukta 23, Mantra 4

Sukta 3.23

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नि त्वा दधे वर आ पृथिव्या इळायास्पदे सुदिनत्वे अह्नाम् । दृषद्वत्यां मानुष आपयायां सरस्वत्यां रेवदग्ने दिदीहि ॥

Transliteration

ní tvā dadhe váre ā́ pṛthivyā́ iḷā́yāḥ padé su-dina-tvé áhnām | dṛṣád-vatyāṃ mā́nuṣe āpayā́yāṃ sárasvatyāṃ revád agne didīhi ||

Translation

I set thee down in the chosen place upon Earth, in the seat of Iḷā, for the bright felicity of the days. In Dṛṣadvatī, in the human realm, in Āpayā, in Sarasvatī—shine forth, O radiant Agni.

Word by Word

• नि: down; in; (prefix)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (upasarga) / ni (avyaya)

• त्वा: you (thee)
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (pronoun)

• दधे: I have placed / I set
• दधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (डुधाञ्) ‘to place, set’

• वरे: in the choice/boon; in the excellent (place)
• वरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (prātipadika)

• आ: to; unto; (prefix)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) / ā (avyaya)

• पृथिव्याः: from the earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (prātipadika)

• इळायाः: of Ilā (goddess of nourishment/earth)
• इळायाः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा (Ilā) (prātipadika)

• पदे: in the place/footing
• पदे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (prātipadika)

• सुदिनत्वे: in good day-ness; in fair days/bright time
• सुदिनत्वे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: सु-दिनत्व (prātipadika; from सु + दिन + -त्व)

• अह्नाम्: of days
• अह्नाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (prātipadika)

• दृषद्वत्याम्: in/at (the river) Dṛṣadvatī
• दृषद्वत्याम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Proper noun
• Root: दृषद्वती (river-name) (prātipadika)

• मानुषः: the man; the human (one)
• मानुषः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: मानुष (prātipadika)

• अपयायाम्: in/at (the river) Apayā
• अपयायाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Proper noun
• Root: अपयाया (river-name) (prātipadika)

• सरस्वत्याम्: in/at Sarasvatī
• सरस्वत्याम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Proper noun
• Root: सरस्वती (river/goddess) (prātipadika)

• रेवत्: O wealthy/splendid
• रेवत्: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रेवत् (adj. stem; from रेव ‘wealth’ + -वत्)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• दिदीहि: shine forth; blaze
• दिदीहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दीदिहि < √दीप्/√दी (to shine, blaze) (Vedic intensive/imperative formation)