Rig Veda 1.8.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 8, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.8
Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 1.8)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
महाँ इन्द्रः परश्च नु महित्वमस्तु वज्रिणे । द्यौर्न प्रथिना शवः ॥
Transliteration
mahā́n índraḥ páraś ca nú mahi-tvám astu vajríṇe | dyaúr na prathinā́ śávaḥ ||
Translation
Mighty is Indra; let there now be for the Thunder-bearer a greatness that surpasses—wide like Heaven in its spreading force: a power that expands the being.
Word by Word
म॒हाँgreat
म॒हाँ:
Kartā (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धि विशेषणम्) / विषय-निर्देशक
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *megʰ-
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (कर्ता) / विषय
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
परःfarther, beyond (surpassing)
परः:
Kartā (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धि विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *per- (beyond) (semantic)
चand
च:
— (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
नुnow, indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
महिgreatly
महि:
— (क्रियाविशेषण-भावः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमहि (अव्यय; महत्-सम्बद्धम्)
त्वम्-ness, state (here: greatness)
त्वम्:
Kartā (कर्ता) / विषय
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootत्व (प्रातिपदिक; तद्धित/भाव)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
— (विधेय-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
वज्रिणेto/for the vajra-bearer
वज्रिणे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; ‘for/to the wielder of the vajra’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक; -इन् प्रत्यय, ‘having a vajra’)
द्यौःthe sky
द्यौः:
Kartā (कर्ता) / उपमान-विषय
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *dyeu- (sky/daylight)
नlike
न:
— (उपमा-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
प्रथिनाwith breadth, widely
प्रथिना:
Karaṇa (करण; ‘by/with breadth, in breadth’)
TypeNoun (instrumental of manner) / Adjective used substantively
Rootप्रथिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘broad/extended’)
शवःmight, power
शवः:
Kartā (कर्ता) / विषय (अस्तु इति क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘might, strength’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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