Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 47

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

ज्याव्यासयोगविवराहतमूलोनितोऽर्द्धितः । व्यासः शरः शरोनाञ्च व्यासाच्छरगुणात्पदम् ॥ ४७ ॥

Transliteration

jyāvyāsayogavivarāhatamūlonito'rddhitaḥ | vyāsaḥ śaraḥ śaronāñca vyāsāccharaguṇātpadam || 47 ||

Translation

ಜ್ಯಾ ವರ್ಗದಿಂದ ತ್ರಿಜ್ಯಾ ವರ್ಗವನ್ನು ಕಡಿತ ಮಾಡಿದಾಗ ಬರುವ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸದ ವರ್ಗಮೂಲವನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದು ಅರ್ಧ ಮಾಡಿದರೆ ‘ಶರ’ ದೊರೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಶರ ಮತ್ತು ವ್ಯಾಸಗಳ ಮೊತ್ತದಿಂದ, ಧನುರ್ಜ್ಯಾ ಗುಣಧರ್ಮದಂತೆ ಬೇಕಾದ ‘ಪದ’ ಸಿದ್ಧವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ।

Word by Word

• ज्या-व्यास-योग-विवर-आहत-मूलः: the root (square-root) obtained by multiplying the difference by the sum of chord and diameter
• ज्या-व्यास-योग-विवर-आहत-मूलः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्या (प्रातिपदिक) + व्यास (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर (प्रातिपदिक) + आहत (कृदन्त, हन् धातु) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; समासः—बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative chain)

• नितः: brought/obtained
• नितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नी (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle)

• अर्धितः: halved
• अर्धितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्ध (धातु/प्रातिपदिक; here ‘अर्ध’ in causative sense)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त; अर्थः—अर्धीकृत (halved)

• व्यासः: the diameter
• व्यासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• शरः: the arrow (sagitta)
• शरः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• शर-ऊनात्: from (the diameter) reduced by the arrow
• शर-ऊनात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक) + ऊन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• व्यासात्: from the diameter
• व्यासात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन

• शर-गुणात्: from the product with the arrow
• शर-गुणात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष

• पदम्: the term/value
• पदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that disciplined knowledge (śāstra)—even precise mathematical reasoning—supports dharma and clarity of mind, which are valued aids on the path toward mokṣa.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: it frames technical learning as part of a purified life of dharma; such steadiness and truthfulness in knowledge complements devotion by cultivating focus, order, and reverence for Vedic methods.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

A ganita-style rule used in Jyotiṣa/Vedāṅga calculations: deriving the śara (sagitta) from chord (jyā) and diameter (vyāsa) via squaring, subtraction, square-root, and halving.