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Shloka 31

Āvāhāryaka-Śrāddha: Qualifications of Recipients, Paṅkti-Pāvana, and Exclusions

दत्तानुयोगान् वृत्यर्थं पतितान् मनुरब्रवीत् / वेदविक्रायिणो ह्येते श्राद्धादिषु विगर्हिताः

dattānuyogān vṛtyarthaṃ patitān manurabravīt / vedavikrāyiṇo hyete śrāddhādiṣu vigarhitāḥ

ಜೀವನಾರ್ಥ ದತ್ತಾನುಯೋಗಗಳನ್ನು (ಪಾವತಿಗೆ ಕರ್ಮ ಮಾಡುವ ನಿಯೋಜನೆ) ಸ್ವೀಕರಿಸುವವರನ್ನು ಮನು ‘ಪತಿತ’ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿದನು; ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವರು ವೇದವನ್ನು ಮಾರುವವರು, ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಶ್ರಾದ್ಧಾದಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಂದಿತರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ।

datta-anuyogāngiven assignments/commissions
datta-anuyogān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdatta (कृदन्त; √dā धातु) + anuyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषभावः ‘दत्तः अनियोगः’ → ‘given commissions/assignments’
vṛtti-arthamfor livelihood
vṛtti-artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; द्वितीया-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययवत्; अर्थे ‘for the sake of livelihood’
patitānthe fallen (persons)
patitān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpatita (कृदन्त; √pat धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘पतित’ = fallen/outcaste
manuḥManu
manuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmanu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
abravītsaid, declared
abravīt:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√brū (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
veda-vikrāyiṇaḥsellers of the Veda
veda-vikrāyiṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + vikrāyin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vedasya vikrāyiṇaḥ)
hiindeed, for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/बलार्थ
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
śrāddha-ādiṣuin śrāddha rites etc.
śrāddha-ādiṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन; ‘ādi’समासान्त; अर्थः ‘in śrāddha and the like’
vigarhitāḥcondemned, censured
vigarhitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√garh (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Narrator (Purāṇic discourse citing Manu as authoritative smṛti)

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: shanta

M
Manu
V
Veda
Ś
Śrāddha

FAQs

This verse does not directly define Ātman; it frames dharma as inner integrity expressed through outer conduct—rejecting the commodification of sacred knowledge, which supports purity of intention (bhāva-śuddhi) essential for spiritual realization.

No specific yogic technique is taught here; the verse emphasizes dharmic discipline (yama-like restraint) by forbidding livelihood-based commercialization of Vedic rites, a moral foundation that the Kurma Purana treats as supportive of higher yoga and devotion.

The verse is primarily a dharma injunction and does not explicitly discuss Shiva–Vishnu unity; indirectly, it aligns with the Purana’s synthesis by upholding a shared standard of sacredness—Vedic and devotional acts are not to be treated as commodities, regardless of sectarian form.