Shloka 47

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

दशद्वादशमासार्द्धमाससंख्यैर्दिंश्च तैः स्वाः स्वाः कर्मक्रियाः कुर्युः सर्वे वर्णा यथाक्रामम्

Transliteration

daśadvādaśamāsārddhamāsasaṃkhyairdiṃśca taiḥ svāḥ svāḥ karmakriyāḥ kuryuḥ sarve varṇā yathākrāmam

Translation

ដោយការរាប់ចំនួនទាំងនោះ—ដប់ និងដប់ពីរខែ កន្លះខែ និងថ្ងៃ—មនុស្សនីមួយៗត្រូវអនុវត្តពិធីកម្មរបស់ខ្លួនតាមវិធាន; វណ្ណៈទាំងអស់ត្រូវធ្វើតាមលំដាប់សមរម្យ។

Word by Word

• daśa-dvādaśa-māsa-ardha-māsa-saṃkhyaiḥ: by counts (numbers) of ten, twelve, months and half-months
• daśa-dvādaśa-māsa-ardha-māsa-saṃkhyaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa (संख्या) + dvādaśa (संख्या) + māsa (प्रातिपदिक) + ardha (प्रातिपदिक) + māsa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (saṃkhyā), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: ‘by counts/numbers of ten, twelve, months, half-months’ (enumerative specification)

• diṃś: directions/quarters
• diṃś: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; Vedic/epic form for diśaḥ; object with implied verb ‘(they) assign/observe’ or linked with taiḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• taiḥ: by those
• taiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘by/with those’ (referring to the counts)

• svāḥ: their own
• svāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; possessive adjective agreeing with karmakriyāḥ

• svāḥ: each (one’s) own
• svāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural; repetition for distributive emphasis (स्वाः स्वाः = ‘each their own’)

• karma-kriyāḥ: ritual duties/rites
• karma-kriyāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karma (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘rites/actions of duty’

• kuryuḥ: should perform
• kuryuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘should do/perform’

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; agrees with varṇāḥ

• varṇāḥ: social classes (varṇas)
• varṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; subject of kuryuḥ

• yathā-krāmam: in due order
• yathā-krāmam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + krama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva compound functioning as adverb; Accusative singular form used adverbially ‘according to order’

Speakers

• Unspecified in input (often Pulastya → Nārada framework)

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Śauca-Aśauca
• Ritual reinstatement timelines

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual life is portrayed as orderly and periodic: after disruption, one returns to dharma through measured time and appropriate actions, reinforcing steadiness (niyama) over impulsiveness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is ācāra/vidhi guidance, not a cosmological-genealogical pañcalakṣaṇa segment; it supports the Purāṇic role as a practical dharma manual alongside narrative.

What is the symbolic significance?

Months, fortnights, and days signify layered cycles of time; aligning conduct to these cycles reflects the Purāṇic view that dharma is harmonization with cosmic and social rhythms.