अतः कृच्छ्रं गतः सर्वो लोकः क्षुत्परिपीडितः । चामुंडासदृशो जातो यो न मृत्युवशंगतः
ataḥ kṛcchraṃ gataḥ sarvo lokaḥ kṣutparipīḍitaḥ | cāmuṃḍāsadṛśo jāto yo na mṛtyuvaśaṃgataḥ
ដូច្នេះ ប្រជាជនទាំងមូលធ្លាក់ក្នុងទុក្ខវេទនាខ្លាំង ត្រូវទុក្ខឃ្លានបង្ខំ; អ្នកណាដែលមិនទាន់ស្ថិតក្រោមអំណាចមរណៈ ក៏ស្គមស្គាំងដូចជា ចាមុណ្ឌា នៅរស់។
Sūta (narrator)
Scene: Starving townspeople with hollow cheeks and protruding ribs, carrying empty bowls; a haunting comparison to Cāmuṇḍā—skeletal, fierce—evoked as a metaphor of living death.
Worldly security is fragile; collective suffering drives beings toward refuge in dharma, devotion, and sacred means of purification and restoration.
No tīrtha is named in this verse; it intensifies the crisis that will be resolved through the power of the tīrtha narrative.
None; it is a descriptive verse portraying famine and mortality.