Rig Veda 5.5.4 — Mandala 5, Sukta 5, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.5
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (RV 5.5)
Devata: Invocation within a multi-deity Aprī-type sequence; this verse addresses a luminous ‘opening/loosening’ power (often aligned with ritual facilitation powers rather than a single anthropomorphic deity)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऊर्णम्रदा वि प्रथस्वाभ्यर्का अनूषत । भवा नः शुभ्र सातये ॥
Transliteration
ūrṇámradā́ ví práthasvābhyàrká anūṣata | bhávā naḥ śúbhra sātáye ||
Translation
O luminous power that softens and releases what is knotted within, widen thyself; our hymns have pressed toward thee. Become for us the bright helper for the winning of the true gain.
Word by Word
ऊर्णम्रदाः(you) soft as wool / wool-soft (ones)
ऊर्णम्रदाः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootऊर्णम्रद (प्रातिपदिक; ऊर्णा- ‘ऊन/ऊन का रेशा’ + मृद् ‘मृदु/कोमल’)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
प्रथस्वspread out / expand (yourself)
प्रथस्व:
कर्तृ (आत्मकर्तृ; ‘तुम’)
TypeVerb
Root√प्रथ् (प्रथँ विस्तारे/विस्तार)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अर्काःhymns/songs of praise
अर्काः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
अनूषतthey have sung/uttered (praise)
अनूषत:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = अर्काः)
TypeVerb
Root√वच्/√उच् (वैदिक: ‘उष्/वच्’ स्तुति-उच्चारणे; here as finite verb ‘they have uttered/praised’)
भवbe / become
भव:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भू सत्तायाम्)
नःof us / for us
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of us/for us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शुभ्रO bright/pure one
शुभ्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (vocative use)
Rootशुभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सातयेfor gain/attainment (for winning)
सातये:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootसाति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘प्राप्ति/लाभ/विजय’)
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