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Rig Veda 3.4.10: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 10

Sukta 3.4

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.4)
Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ/Śamitṛ) with Vanaspati invoked as ritual support
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वनस्पतेऽव सृजोप देवानग्निर्हविः शमिता सूदयाति । सेदु होता सत्यतरो यजाति यथा देवानां जनिमानि वेद ॥

Transliteration

vánaspáte’vá sṛjópa devā́n agnír havíḥ śamitā́ sūdayāti | séd u hotā́ satyátaro yajāti yáthā devā́nāṃ jánimāni véda ||

Translation

O Lord of the forest (the sacred wood), release and bring the gods near; Agni, the skilful preparer, readies the offering. Then indeed the Hotṛ, more true, performs the sacrifice, because he knows the births (origins and right modes) of the gods.

Word by Word
वनस्पतेO lord of the wood (O Vanaspati)
वनस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootवनस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक) < पति
अवdown; forth; away (directive particle)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/निपात)
सृजrelease; let go; send forth
सृज:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सृज् (सृजति)
उपtowards; near; up to
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
हविःthe oblation
हविः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शमिताthe preparer/arranger (of the offering)
शमिता:
कर्ता (अग्नेः विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootशमितृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √शम्/√शम (शमयति) ‘to prepare/arrange/quiet’
सूदयातिimpels; sets in motion; brings (it) on
सूदयाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सूदय्/√सूद् (सूदयति) ‘to impel, set in motion, bring on’
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इदुindeed; just
इदु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदु (निपात; emphatic)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
होता:
कर्ता (सः = होता)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु (जुहोति)
सत्यतरःtruer; most true (more true)
सत्यतरः:
विशेषण (होतुः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यतर (प्रातिपदिक; तद्धित-तरा, comparative of सत्य)
यजातिworships; performs sacrifice
यजाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√यज् (यजति)
यथाas; in such a way that
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
जनिमानिbirths; begettings; origins
जनिमानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootजनिमन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √जन् (जनति/जायते) ‘to be born’
वेदknows
वेद:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (वेद) ‘to know’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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