Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 58

पशु-पाश-पतिविचारः / Inquiry into Paśu, Pāśa, and Pati

Devanagari script

तमीश्वराणां परमं महेश्वरं तं देवतानां परमं च दैवतम् । पतिं पतीनां परमं परस्ताद्विदाम देवं भुवनेश्वरेश्वरम्

Transliteration

tamīśvarāṇāṃ paramaṃ maheśvaraṃ taṃ devatānāṃ paramaṃ ca daivatam | patiṃ patīnāṃ paramaṃ parastādvidāma devaṃ bhuvaneśvareśvaram

Translation

我らは知る。デーヴァ—マハーデーヴァ—こそ、支配者たちの中の至高のマハー・イーシュヴァラ、神々の中の最上の神性、主の中の主、万有を超越する彼岸の御方。諸世界の統御者すら統べる、世界主の主である。

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• īśvarāṇām: of (all) lords
• īśvarāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• paramam: supreme
• paramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; adjective of maheśvaram

• maheśvaram: Maheśvara (the Great Lord)
• maheśvaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maheśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to tam

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• devatānām: of the deities
• devatānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• paramam: supreme
• paramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; adjective of daivatam

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• daivatam: divinity; supreme deity
• daivatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daivata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to tam

• patim: lord; master
• patim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to tam

• patīnām: of lords
• patīnām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठī), Plural

• paramam: supreme
• paramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; adjective of patim

• parastāt: beyond; transcendent
• parastāt: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: parastāt (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb ‘beyond/above’ (परस्तात्)

• vidāma: we know
• vidāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vid (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st person), Plural; parasmaipada

• devam: the God
• devam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; object of vidāma; apposition to tam

• bhuvaneśvara-īśvaram: the Lord over the lords of the worlds
• bhuvaneśvara-īśvaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhuvana (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितīya), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘Lord of the Lord of the worlds’ / ‘supreme Lord over the world-lords’ (nested tatpuruṣa)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating the Vāyavīya teaching to the sages of Naimiṣāraṇya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Mantra Metadata

Mantra: तमीश्वराणां परमं महेश्वरं तं देवतानां परमं च दैवतम् । पतिं पतीनां परमं परस्ताद्विदाम देवं भुवनेश्वरेश्वरम्

Type: stotra

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It declares Śiva as Pati—the ultimate Supreme Lord beyond all secondary deities and worldly authorities—affirming that liberation comes through knowing and taking refuge in Him as the highest Reality.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By calling Him the highest ‘daivatam’ (object of worship), the verse supports focused devotion to Śiva; in practice, devotees approach this transcendent Lord through Saguna worship such as Śiva-liṅga pūjā while contemplating His supremacy beyond form.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The takeaway is single-pointed Śiva-upāsanā: japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with reverence for Śiva as the supreme Pati, supported by Śaiva marks like Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as aids to remembrance.