Rig Veda 6.48.21: Mandala 6, Sukta 48, Mantra 21
Sukta 6.48
Rishi: Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya
Devata: Maruts (with Sūrya as simile/auxiliary image)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for 6.48 opening; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सद्यश्चिद्यस्य चर्कृतिः परि द्यां देवो नैति सूर्यः । त्वेषं शवो दधिरे नाम यज्ञियं मरुतो वृत्रहं शवो ज्येष्ठं वृत्रहं शवः ॥
Transliteration
sadyáś cid yásya carkṛtíḥ pári dyā́m devó ná eti sū́ryaḥ | tvéṣaṃ śávo dadhire nā́ma yajñíyaṃ marúto vṛtraháṃ śávo jyéṣṭhaṃ vṛtraháṃ śávaḥ ||
Translation
その渦巻く威力はまことに迅い――天を休みなく巡る太陽神のごとく。マルットたちは己のうちに烈しい力を据え、祭儀にふさわしい名を立てた――ヴリトラ（Vṛtra）を屠る力、最年長にして第一のヴリトラ殺しの威力。
Word by Word
सद्यःimmediately, at once
सद्यः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < सद्य (तत्क्षण) अव्यय
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun (Pronoun)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चर्कृतिःhis active doing/energy; his effective action
चर्कृतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootचर्कृति- (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ ‘to do/make’ से पुनरुक्त/तीव्र-क्रिया-भाव)
परिaround, all about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
द्याम्the heaven, the sky
द्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
एतिgoes, moves
एति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√इ (गत्यर्थ)
सूर्यःSun
सूर्यः:
Kartā (देवः सूर्यः—समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वेषम्fierce, impetuous
त्वेषम्:
Karma (दधिरे—यत् धारितम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
शवःmight, strength
शवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दधिरेthey have placed/assumed
दधिरे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धारण/स्थापन)
नामname; as a name
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञियम्worthy of worship/sacrifice
यज्ञियम्:
Karma (नाम—विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक; √यज् से ‘यज्ञ-योग्य/पूज्य’)
मरुतःthe Maruts (storm-gods)
मरुतः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रहन्Vṛtra-slaying
वृत्रहन्:
Karma (नाम—विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन् ‘slayer of Vṛtra’)
शवःmight, strength
शवः:
Karma (दधिरे—यत् धारितम्)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्येष्ठम्the greatest, foremost
ज्येष्ठम्:
Karma (शवः—विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रहन्Vṛtra-slaying
वृत्रहन्:
Karma (नाम—विशेषण; पुनरुक्ति-बल)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शवःmight, strength
शवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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