Rig Veda 5.3.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 3, Mantra 5
Sukta 5.3
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional ascription for RV 5.3)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 5.3; needs metrical verification by syllable count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
न त्वद्धोता पूर्वो अग्ने यजीयान्न काव्यैः परो अस्ति स्वधावः । विशश्च यस्या अतिथिर्भवासि स यज्ञेन वनवद्देव मर्तान् ॥
Transliteration
ná tvád dhótā pū́rvo agne yájīyān ná kā́vyaiḥ paró asti svadhāvaḥ | viśáś ca yásyā átithir bhávāsi sá yajñéna vanavad deva mártān ||
Translation
アグニよ、汝に先立つ供犠の祭官はなく、汝より供犠にふさわしき者はなく、カヴィ（詩聖）たちのうちにも汝を超える者はない、自らの力を具える者よ。諸族のために汝が歓待される客となるその死すべき者は、祭儀によって勝ち得る――神なる力よ――人間の諸力を正しく整え、己がものとして。
Word by Word
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
त्वत्than you / from you
त्वत्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
होताHotṛ-priest / invoker
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ
पूर्वःformer / earlier
पूर्वः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
—
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
यजीयान्more worthy of worship / better sacrificer
यजीयान्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootयजीयस् (यज्-धातोः तुलनात्मक-विशेषणम्)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
काव्यैःby poetic arts / by the (Kavi-)wisdoms
काव्यैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootकाव्य
परःhigher / superior
परः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
स्वधावःO self-empowered / possessing svadhā
स्वधावः:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वधावन्
विशःclans / peoples
विशः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
अतिथिःguest
अतिथिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
भवसिyou become / you are
भवसि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
यज्ञेनby/with the sacrifice
यज्ञेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
वनवत्won / gained
वनवत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवन्/वनवद् (वन् ‘to win’ इत्यस्य परस्मैपद-लिट्/लुङ्-प्रयोगः; वेदिकं रूपम्)
देवO god
देव:
—
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
मर्तान्mortals
मर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त
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