Rig Veda 5.3.10: Mandala 5, Sukta 3, Mantra 10
Sukta 5.3
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional ascription for RV 5.3)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
भूरि नाम वन्दमानो दधाति पिता वसो यदि तज्जोषयासे । कुविद्देवस्य सहसा चकानः सुम्नमग्निर्वनते वावृधानः ॥
Transliteration
bhū́ri nā́ma vándamāno dadhāti pitā́ vaso yádi tát joṣáyāse | kúvid devásya sáhasā cakānáḥ sumnám agnír vanate vāvṛdhānáḥ ||
Translation
礼拝して頭を垂れる者は、名のうちに豊穣を据える——もし汝がそれを嘉納するなら、善き富の父よ。まことに、神の威力（sahas）に歓びつつ、増大するアグニは、恩寵（sumná）—内なる幸い—を勝ち取る。
Word by Word
भूरिmuch, abundant(ly)
भूरि:
विशेषणम् (कर्म/फल-विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
नामname, renown
नाम:
कर्म (दधाति—‘नाम’ स्थापयति/ददाति)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वन्दमानःpraising, worshipping
वन्दमानः:
कर्तृ (दधाति-कर्तुः विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootवन्द् (धातु) → वन्दमान (शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
दधातिplaces, bestows, establishes
दधाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)
पिताfather
पिता:
कर्तृ (अन्तर्निहित-क्रियायाः/सम्बोधनार्थ-भावः) / विशेषणम् (अग्नेः)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
वसोO good one / O wealthy one (Vasu)
वसो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
यदिif
यदि:
सम्बन्ध/उपपद (शर्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (जोṣयासे—‘तत्’ = तत् कर्म/तत् कार्यम्)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जोṣयासेyou favor, you take pleasure in, you approve
जोṣयासे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजुष् (धातु) / जोषय् (णिच्-प्रयोगः)
कुवित्whether indeed? perhaps?
कुवित्:
वाक्य-प्रकार (प्रश्न/संभावना)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकु + वित् (निपात/अव्यय)
देवस्यof the god
देवस्य:
सम्बन्ध (सहसा—देवस्य सहसा)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सहसाby strength, with might
सहसा:
करण (by might/force)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस् (प्रातिपदिक)
चकानःrejoicing, exulting
चकानः:
कर्तृ (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Perfect/Middle, Vedic)
Rootकन्/कन (धातु; ‘कनति/कनते’ → ‘चकान’ परिपूर्ण/आनन्दित)
सुम्नम्favor, grace, good will
सुम्नम्:
कर्म (वनते—सुम्नं प्राप्नोति)
TypeNoun
Rootसुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ (वनते)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
वनतेwins, obtains
वनते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवन् (धातु) ‘to win, gain’
वावृधानःgrowing strong, ever-increasing
वावृधानः:
कर्तृ (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Vedic intensive/perfect-like)
Rootवृध् (धातु) → वावृधान (परिपूर्ण/वेदिक-परफेक्ट/वर्धमानार्थक कृदन्त)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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