Rig Veda 4.41.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 41, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.41
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra-Varuṇa (dual)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्रा ह रत्नं वरुणा धेष्ठेत्था नृभ्यः शशमानेभ्यस्ता । यदी सखाया सख्याय सोमैः सुतेभिः सुप्रयसा मादयैते ॥
Transliteration
índrā ha rátnaṃ váruṇā dhéṣṭhe ítthā nṛ́-bhyaḥ śaśamānébhyas tā́ | yadī́ sákhāyā sakhyā́ya sómaiḥ sutébhiḥ su-prayásā mā́dayaite ||
Translation
インドラとヴァルナはまことにこのようにして、努め励む人々のために宝を据え置く。二人の友が友情のために、搾り出されたソーマ（Soma）の波—美しき供献の力に富むそれ—によって歓喜し、酔いしれるとき。
Word by Word
इन्द्राO Indra (addressed, with Varuṇa)
इन्द्रा:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणाO Varuṇa (addressed, with Indra)
वरुणा:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
रत्नम्treasure, precious gift
रत्नम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
धेष्ठेyou two bestow / place
धेष्ठे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) / धे (वैदिक रूप)
इत्थाthus, in this manner
इत्था:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था
नृभ्यःto men, to heroes
नृभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
शशमानेभ्यःto the striving/zealous (worshipping) ones
शशमानेभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeParticiple (adjectival)
Rootशम् (धातु) → शशमान (कृदन्त, परिपूर्ण/परिपक्व अर्थ: ‘शान्त/समर्पित’)
अस्ताःyou two are
अस्ताः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु) → सन्त्/अस्त् (वैदिक रूप)
यदिwhen, if
यदि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
सखायौthe two friends
सखायौ:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
सख्यायfor friendship, for companionship
सख्याय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमैःwith soma (draughts)
सोमैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतेभिःwith the pressed (soma-juices)
सुतेभिः:
करण
TypeParticiple used as adjective/noun
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त ‘pressed’)
सुप्रयसाwith good refreshment/strength
सुप्रयसा:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्रयस् (प्रातिपदिक: सु- + प्रयस् ‘refreshment/strength’)
मादयैतेyou two become exhilarated / rejoice
मादयैते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootमद् (धातु) → मादय (णिच् causative stem)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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