Rig Veda 2.38.5: Mandala 2, Sukta 38, Mantra 5
Sukta 2.38
Rishi: Gṛtsamada
Devata: Savitṛ (with Agni prominently referenced)
Chandas: Trishtubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नानौकांसि दुर्यो विश्वमायुर्वि तिष्ठते प्रभवः शोको अग्नेः । ज्येष्ठं माता सूनवे भागमाधादन्वस्य केतमिषितं सवित्रा ॥
Transliteration
nānó-kāṃsi duryó víśvam ā́yur ví tiṣṭhate pra-bhaváḥ śóko agnéḥ | jyéṣṭhaṃ mātā́ sūnáve bhā́gam ā́dhād ánv asya kétam iṣitáṃ savitrā́ ||
Translation
多くの住まいにおいて、全き生命はそれぞれの位に据えられ、アグニ（Agni）のほとばしる炎はあらわに立つ。母は子のために最長の分け前を置き、彼のしるしに従い、サヴィトリ（Savitṛ）に駆り立てられて、その存在は定められた方へと進む。
Word by Word
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अनौकांसि(their) dwellings/homes
अनौकांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनौकस् (प्रातिपदिक) < अन् + ओकस्
दुर्यःhard to approach / difficult
दुर्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्य (प्रातिपदिक) < दुर् + य
विश्वम्all, the whole (world)
विश्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
आयुःlife, lifetime
आयुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, widely, forth
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि
तिष्ठतेstands, is established
तिष्ठते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
प्रभवःthe source/origin, the one who brings forth
प्रभवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव (प्रातिपदिक) < प्र + भू
शोकःflame, blaze (lit. ‘glow’); also grief (contextually: flame)
शोकः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशोक (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेःof Agni
अग्नेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्येष्ठम्the best/eldest (share)
ज्येष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
माताmother
माता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सूनवेto/for the son
सूनवे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु (प्रातिपदिक)
भागम्portion, share
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
आधात्placed, bestowed
आधात्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
अनुafter, along, following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअनु
अस्यof him/this
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
केतम्sign, banner, signal; guiding mark
केतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेत (प्रातिपदिक)
इषितम्impelled, set in motion, directed
इषितम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootइष् (धातु) → इषित (कृदन्त)
सवित्राby Savitṛ (the Impeller)
सवित्रा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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