Rig Veda 10.91.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 91, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.91
Rishi: Traditionally attributed to Agni-related seers in RV 10.91 (exact rishi varies by Anukramaṇī; commonly: Aruṇa Vaitahavya or similar late-maṇḍala attributions—requires śākhā-specific confirmation)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Jagatī (likely for RV 10.91.1 given line length; meter should be confirmed by syllable count in the received text)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सं जागृवद्भिर्जरमाण इध्यते दमे दमूना इषयन्निळस्पदे । विश्वस्य होता हविषो वरेण्यो विभुर्विभावा सुषखा सखीयते ॥
Transliteration
sáṃ jāgṛvád-bhir járamāṇa idhyate dáme damū́nā iṣáyann iḷás-páde | víśvasya hótā havíṣo váreṇyo vibhúr vibhā́vā su-sákhā sakhīyáte ||
Translation
目覚めた者たちとともに目覚めつつ、老いゆくことなく増しゆく火は家に燃え立つ。イラー（Iḷā）の座において衝動の力を押し進める。万有のために選ばれたホートリ（Hotṛ）、広大にして光り輝く者、善き友は友となって交わる——アグニ（Agni）はわれらに正しき供物と正しき交わりを呼び覚ます。
Word by Word
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (upasarga)
जागृवद्भिःwith the wakeful (ones)
जागृवद्भिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootजागृवत् (√जागृ ‘to be awake’)
जरमाणःaging, growing old
जरमाणः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootजरमाण (√जॄ/जर् ‘to grow old, waste away’)
इध्यतेis kindled, blazes
इध्यते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√इध् ‘to kindle, blaze’
दमेin the house
दमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदम (n.) ‘house, home’
दमूनाḥthe house-dwelling (one)
दमूनाḥ:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootदमून (adj.) ‘house-friend/house-dweller’
इषयन्impelling, urging on
इषयन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इष् ‘to impel, set in motion, seek’
इळस्of Iḷā (refreshment/libation)
इळस्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootइळा/इळ (f.) ‘refreshment; libation; prayer’
पदेin the place
पदे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपद (n.) ‘place, step’
विश्वस्यof all, of the whole
विश्वस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (adj./pron.) ‘all’
होताthe Hotar (invoking priest)
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (m.) ‘hotar-priest’
हविषःof the oblation
हविषः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (n.) ‘oblation’
वरेण्यःchoice-worthy, excellent
वरेण्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootवरेण्य (adj.) ‘to be chosen, excellent’ (< √वृ ‘to choose’)
विभुःmighty, pervasive
विभुः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootविभु (adj.) ‘all-pervading, mighty’
विभावाwidely radiant
विभावा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootविभावन्/विभाव (adj.) ‘widely shining, of wide radiance’
सुषखाa good friend
सुषखा:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु- + सखि (m.) ‘good friend’
सखीयतेmakes friendship / is befriended
सखीयते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√सख्य ‘to befriend, be in friendship’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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