Rig Veda 10.8.2 — Mandala 10, Sukta 8, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.8
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मुमोद गर्भो वृषभः ककुद्मानस्रेमा वत्सः शिमीवाँ अरावीत् । स देवतात्युद्यतानि कृण्वन्त्स्वेषु क्षयेषु प्रथमो जिगाति ॥
Transliteration
mumóda gárbho vṛṣabháḥ kakúdmān asremā́ vátsaḥ śimī́vān arāvīt | sá devátāty úd-yatāni kṛṇván svéṣu kṣáyeṣu prathamó jigāti ||
Translation
胎は歓び満ちた——高き冠を戴く牡牛。倦むことなき仔牛は、衝動に強く、声高く鳴いた。神々の群れへと湧き上がる動きを成しつつ、彼は自らの住処へ先んじて入る——アグニは、われらの内において神々のために道を先導する。
Word by Word
मुमोदrejoiced, was glad
मुमोद:
— (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√मुद् (modate)
गर्भःthe embryo; the child in the womb
गर्भः:
कर्तृ (subject of मुमोद)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ (prātipadika)
वृषभःthe bull (strong one)
वृषभः:
कर्तृ (in apposition to गर्भः)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (prātipadika)
ककुद्मान्hump-backed; having a hump/crest
ककुद्मान्:
कर्तृ (qualifier of गर्भः/वृषभः)
TypeAdjective
Rootककुद्मत् (prātipadika; -मत् possessive)
अस्रेमunwearied; not slack
अस्रेम:
कर्तृ (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्रेम (prātipadika; Vedic adjective)
आforth; towards; up (intensifying)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga)
वत्सःthe calf
वत्सः:
कर्तृ (apposition to गर्भः)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स (prātipadika)
शिमीवान्possessing śimī (strength/impulse); vigorous
शिमीवान्:
कर्तृ (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिमीवत् (prātipadika; -वत् possessive)
अरावीत्cried out; roared
अरावीत्:
— (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√रु (rav-/ru-, ‘to cry, roar’) with preverb आ
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (subject of जिगाति)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāman)
देवतातीthe divine course/host; the godward (company/way)
देवताती:
कर्म (goal/object with जिगाति: ‘reaches/attains’)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवताती (prātipadika; Vedic abstract/collective)
उद्यतानिthe raised/roused things; the set-in-motion (tasks/weapons)
उद्यतानि:
कर्म (object of कृण्वन्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउद्-√यम् (kṛdanta: उद्यत ‘raised, set in motion’)
कृण्वन्doing; making
कृण्वन्:
कर्तृ (agreeing with सः)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√कृ (करोति)
स्वेषुin his/one’s own
स्वेषु:
अधिकरण (location)
TypePronoun (possessive)
Rootस्व (sarvanāman/pronominal stem)
क्षयेषुin dwellings; in abodes
क्षयेषु:
अधिकरण (location)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय (prātipadika)
प्रथमःfirst
प्रथमः:
कर्तृ (qualifier of सः)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (prātipadika)
जिगातिgoes; comes; reaches
जिगाति:
— (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (gacchati) with reduplication (intensive/archaic present)
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