Rig Veda 1.33.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 33, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.33
Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वधीर्हि दस्युं धनिनं घनेनँ एकश्चरन्नुपशाकेभिरिन्द्र । धनोरधि विषुणक्ते व्यायन्नयज्वानः सनकाः प्रेतिमीयुः ॥
Transliteration
vadhī́r hí dasyúṃ dhanínaṃ ghanénaṁ ékaś cárann upaśākébhiḥ indra | dhánor ádhi viṣuṇákte vyā́yan áyajvānaḥ sanakā́ḥ prétiṃ īyuḥ ||
Translation
汝はまことに、富をため込むダシュユ（Dasyu）を、打ち砕く武器もて討ち倒した。インドラよ、汝は独り進み、支えの力々を伴う。弓より彼らを散らしつつ前進し、祭祀をなさぬ者どもは、いにしえより滅びへと赴いた。
Word by Word
वधीःthou didst slay
वधीः:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वध् (वध हिंसायाम्)
हिindeed/for
हि:
(सम्बन्ध/प्रयोजन-निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
दस्युम्the Dasyu (hostile foe)
दस्युम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
धनिनम्wealthy
धनिनम्:
कर्म (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootधनिन् (धन + इन्, ‘possessing wealth’)
घनेनwith a club/hammer
घनेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootघन (प्रातिपदिक)
एकःalone
एकः:
कर्ता (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
चरन्wandering/moving
चरन्:
कर्ता (सहक्रिया)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√चर् (चर गतौ) → चरन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
उपशाकेभिःwith/among the thickets (side-branches)
उपशाकेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootउप-शाक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thickets/branches’, RV usage)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
धनोःof the bow
धनोः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootधनु/धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिfrom/upon
अधि:
(अपादान/अधिकरण-भाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
विषुणक्तेhe separates/scatters
विषुणक्ते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√विष्/√विषुणक् (विषुणक्ति = ‘separates, scatters’; Vedic present)
व्यायन्going forth/advancing
व्यायन्:
कर्ता (सहक्रिया)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√या (या गतौ) + वि (उपसर्ग) → व्यायन् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
अयज्वानःthe non-sacrificers
अयज्वानः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअ-यज्वन् (यज्वन् ‘sacrificer’ with privative a-)
सनकाःancient/long-standing
सनकाः:
कर्ता (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootसनक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of old/ancient’, RV epithet)
प्रforth
प्र:
(क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
इतिthus
इति:
(वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (निपात)
मीयुःthey went away/vanished
मीयुः:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√मा (मा माने/मि गतौ; RV: ‘to go/vanish’ in perfect/aorist forms) → मीयुः
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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