Rig Veda 1.108.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 108, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.108

Rishi: Parucchepa Daivodāsi (traditionally for RV 1.108, per Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Indrāgnī (paired deity: Indra + Agni)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; RV 1.108 is predominantly Triṣṭubh)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

चक्राथे हि सध्र्यङ्नाम भद्रं सध्रीचीना वृत्रहणा उत स्थः । ताविन्द्राग्नी सध्र्यञ्चा निषद्या वृष्णः सोमस्य वृषणा वृषेथाम् ॥

Transliteration

cakrā́the hí sadhryàṅ nā́ma bhadráṃ sadhrīcīnā́ vṛ́tra-haṇau utá stháḥ | tā́v indrāgnī sadhryàñcā ní-sadya vṛ́ṣṇaḥ sómasya vṛṣaṇā́ ā́ vṛṣethām ||

Translation

汝ら二柱は、まっすぐに、かつ一つに向かう歩み（sadhryañcā）によって、まことに吉祥なる善を成し遂げた。覆い塞ぐ者ヴリトラ（Vṛtra）を屠る二柱よ、堅く立て。インドラとアグニよ、正しき衝動のうちに共に坐し、ソーマ（Soma）の牡牛の力（vṛṣṇá）によって威力を増せ。雄々しき二柱よ、さらに強められよ。

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Word by Word

• चक्राथे: you two have made / have done
• चक्राथे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (करोति)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (particle)

• सध्र्यङ्: straight, in one direction, jointly
• सध्र्यङ्: Karma (goal/extent; adverbial accusative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सध्र्यञ्च् (prātipadika)

• नाम: verily, indeed
• नाम: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (particle)

• भद्रम्: good, auspicious thing
• भद्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: भद्र (prātipadika)

• सध्रीचीनाः: the two being in accord / moving together
• सध्रीचीनाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सध्रीचीन (prātipadika)

• वृत्रहणा: the two Vṛtra-slayers
• वृत्रहणा: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (prātipadika)

• उत: and also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (particle)

• स्थः: you two stand / are
• स्थः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (तिष्ठति)

• तौ: those two (you two)
• तौ: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāman)

• इन्द्राग्नी: O Indra and Agni
• इन्द्राग्नी: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: इन्द्र + अग्नि (dvandva)

• सध्र्यञ्चौ: the two acting straight/jointly
• सध्र्यञ्चौ: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सध्र्यञ्च् (prātipadika)

• निषद्य: having sat down
• निषद्य: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (सीदति) with नि-

• वृष्णः: of the bull / of the mighty one
• वृष्णः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (prātipadika)

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• वृषणा: the two bulls / two mighty ones
• वृषणा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (prātipadika)

• वृषेथाम्: you two become vigorous / bestow (stream) strength
• वृषेथाम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृष् (वर्षति/वृषति; ‘to be strong/impel, to rain/stream’ in Vedic usage)