Rig Veda 1.101.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 101, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.101
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa
Devata: Indra (Marutvant)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो विश्वस्य जगतः प्राणतस्पतिर्यो ब्रह्मणे प्रथमो गा अविन्दत् । इन्द्रो यो दस्यूँरधराँ अवातिरन्मरुत्वन्तं सख्याय हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
yó víśvasya jágataḥ prāṇatás páti r yó bráhmaṇe prathamó gā́ ávindat | índro yó dasyū́ṁr ádharāṁ avā́tirān marútvantaṁ sakhyā́ya havāmahe ||
Translation
彼は、動き息づく一切の主。最初に、梵言（Brahman）を求める者のために、牛――光の光線を見いだした。ダスユ（Dasyu）を下なる闇へと投げ落としたインドラ（Indra）――マルト（Marut）を伴うそのインドラを、友誼（サキヤー）のためにわれらは招請する。
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वस्यof all / of the whole
विश्वस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive) / Adhikaraṇa (with जगतः)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
जगतःof the world (moving creation)
जगतः:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘moving world’)
प्राणतस्of the breathing (living)
प्राणतस्:
Viśeṣaṇa (of जगतः)
TypeParticiple (Adjective) used substantively
Rootप्र + अण् (धातु) → प्राणत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ; ‘breathing, living’)
पतिःlord
पतिः:
Kartā (apposition to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ब्राह्मणेto the priestly power / to the Brahman (sacred formulation)
ब्राह्मणे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमःfirst
प्रथमः:
Kartā (qualifier of यः/इन्द्रः)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
अविन्दत्found / won
अविन्दत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (लभे/विन्दति ‘to find, win’)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (of following relative clause) / apposition
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दस्यून्Dasyus (hostile foes)
दस्यून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
अधरान्lower / down
अधरान्:
Viśeṣaṇa (of दस्यून्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर (प्रातिपदिक)
अवातिरत्brought down / overthrew
अवातिरत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootअव + √तॄ (तारयति/तरति ‘to cross over; to bring down/overcome’)
मरुत्वन्तम्the Marut-accompanied (Indra)
मरुत्वन्तम्:
Karma (of हवामहे)
TypeAdjective (epithet) used substantively
Rootमरुत्वन्त् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing the Maruts’)
सख्यायfor friendship / for alliance
सख्याय:
Sampradāna / Prayojana (purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक) / सखि-भावः
हवामहेwe invoke / we call
हवामहे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (आह्वाने ‘to call, invoke’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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