Shloka 15

सप्तनवतितमः सर्गः (Yuddha Kāṇḍa 97): Sugrīva’s Onslaught and the Fall of Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

स तंद्विरदमारुह्यविरूपाक्षोमहारथः ।वनर्दभनीमनिर्ह्रादंवानरानभ्यधावत ।।।।

Transliteration

sa taṃ dviradam āruhya virūpākṣo mahārathaḥ | vanardabhanīm nirhrādaṃ vānārān abhyadhāvat ||

Translation

大車戦士ヴィルーパークシャは象にまたがり、恐るべき咆哮を放って、ヴァーナラの軍勢へと突進した。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तम्: that (him/it)
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• द्विरदम्: elephant
• द्विरदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विरद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• आरुह्य: having mounted
• आरुह्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-रुह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having mounted/ascending’

• विरूपाक्षः: Virupaksha
• विरूपाक्षः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरूपाक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष-नाम (proper noun)

• महारथः: great charioteer
• महारथः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (महान् रथः यस्य/महान् रथी)

• वनर्दभनीमनिर्ह्रादम्: with a terrifying bray/roar
• वनर्दभनीमनिर्ह्रादम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वनर्दभ + नीम + निर्ह्राद (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-प्राय, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (वनर्दभ-नीम-निर्ह्रादः इव/सदृशः) — ‘donkey/forest-donkey-like terrifying roar’ (पाठभेद/संयुक्तपद)

• वानरान्: the Vanaras
• वानरान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• अभ्यधावत: rushed towards
• अभ्यधावत: क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-धाव् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Releasing arrows at the army of Vanaras and Sugriva, he (Virupaksha) pierced arrows and relieved the Rakshasas of fear and made them happy.

Characters & Entities

• Virūpākṣa
• Elephant
• Vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse sets the battlefield context where dharma is tested: power and intimidation are shown, but righteous conduct is measured by how one responds—without abandoning duty or courage.

What is the narrative situation?

Virūpākṣa enters aggressively, mounting an elephant and charging the Vānara forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial resolve (utsāha/śaurya) is highlighted—though here it is displayed by a Rākṣasa warrior in the heat of combat.