Shloka 5

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

कुम्भकर्णस्सङ्कृद्धोगदामुद्यम्यवीर्यवान् ।अर्थयन्समहाकायस्समन्ताद् व्यक्षिपद्रिपून् ।।।।

Transliteration

kumbhakarṇaḥ saṅkṛddho gadām udyamya vīryavān | ardhayan mahākāyaḥ samantād vyakṣipad ripūn ||

Translation

クンバカルナは憤怒に燃え、武勇を奮い立たせてガダー（棍棒）を振り上げた。巨躯の戦士は四方の敵を大きく薙ぎ払い、次々となぎ倒した。

Word by Word

• śatāni: hundreds
• śatāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; saṅkhyā-vācaka (numeral noun)

• sapta: seven
• sapta: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Saṅkhyā (numeral), avyaya-like indeclinable numeral in counting; modifies śatāni

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta

• aṣṭau: eight
• aṣṭau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṣṭan (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Saṅkhyā (numeral), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana (dual) in form; used in counting; modifies implied 'śatāni' or count phrase

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta

• sahasrāṇi: thousands
• sahasrāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; saṅkhyā-vācaka

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta

• vānarāḥ: vanaras
• vānarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• prakīrṇāḥ: scattered
• prakīrṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√kṝ (धातु) / pra-√kīr (धातu) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kta-participle used adjectivally; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of vānarāḥ

• śerate: lie
• śerate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śī (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; ātmanepada

• bhūmau: on the ground
• bhūmau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Saptamī (Locative/7th), Ekavacana

• kumbhakarṇena: by Kumbhakarna
• kumbhakarṇena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana

• podhitāḥ: crushed/knocked down
• podhitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṣ/poḍh (धातु, causative sense in context) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kta-participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; 'pressed/struck down' (contextual)

Context

Valiant Kumbhakarna, a gigantic one, highly enraged lifted mace and crescent shaped arrow struck the enemies on all sides.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Vānara forces (enemies/foes)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse implicitly contrasts dharma and adharma: raw power driven by rage becomes destructive when not governed by righteousness and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa enters the fray in fury, wielding his mace and striking the opposing forces all around him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a virtue but a cautionary trait: uncontrolled krodha (anger) amplifies violence and suffering.