Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 16

जम्बुमालिवधः

The Slaying of Jambumali

Devanagari script

अतिवेगोऽतिवेगेन भ्रामयित्वा बलोत्कटः।परिघं पातयामास जम्बुमालेर्महोरसि।।।।

Transliteration

ativego 'tivegena bhrāmayitvā balotkaṭaḥ | parighaṃ pātayāmāsa jambumāler mahorasi ||

Translation

力強く、誰にも止められない彼は、猛烈な速度でそれを振り回した後、ジャンブマーリーの広い胸に鉄の棒を振り下ろした。

Word by Word

• अति-वेगः: one of great speed
• अति-वेगः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अति (अव्यय) + वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपाधि/विशेषणवत् (epithet)

• अति-वेगेन: with great speed
• अति-वेगेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अति (अव्यय) + वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial instrumental)

• भ्रामयित्वा: having whirled
• भ्रामयित्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्रम् (धातु) (णिच्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive) from causative stem भ्रामय-; अव्ययभाव

• बल-उत्कटः: exceedingly strong
• बल-उत्कटः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्कट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमास; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of (implicit) हनुमान्

• परिघम्: the iron club/bar
• परिघम्: Karma (कर्म/Object) of पातयामास
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पातयामास: caused to fall, hurled down
• पातयामास: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु) (णिच् causative: पातय-)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect) periphrastic/आम-प्रत्यय, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• जम्बुमालेः: of Jambumālī
• जम्बुमालेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्बुमालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• महा-उरसि: on the broad chest
• महा-उरसि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक) + उरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन

Context

Hanuman of immeasurable strength hurled the iron spear after turning it round and round at high speed on the broad chest of Jambumali.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Jāmbumālin
• parigha (iron bar/club)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Decisive action in defense of a righteous duty: when threatened, the protector must act effectively, not hesitantly, to prevent further harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān counterattacks and lands a crushing blow with the iron bar on Jāmbumālin’s chest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage joined with effectiveness—swift, purposeful strength rather than reckless violence.