Shloka 51

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

स तु मर्मणि घोरेण ताडितो मन्मथेषुणा।न शर्म लभते रामस्सिंहार्धित इव द्विपः।।।।

Transliteration

sa tu marmaṇi ghoreṇa tāḍito manmatheṣuṇā | na śarma labhate rāmaḥ siṁhārdita iva dvipaḥ ||

Translation

しかしラーマは、恋の神マンマタの恐ろしい矢に急所を射抜かれ、獅子に痛めつけられた象のように、安らぎを得られません。

Word by Word

• सः: he (Rama)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha/Emphasis (निपातार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• मर्मणि: in the vital spot
• मर्मणि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: marma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; अधिकरण (locus)

• घोरेण: by the dreadful
• घोरेण: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; विशेषण of मन्मथेषुणा

• ताडितः: struck
• ताडितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √tāḍ (धातु)
• Form: Kta (क्त) past passive participle; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective of सः

• मन्मथेषुणा: by Cupid’s arrow
• मन्मथेषुणा: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manmatha-iṣu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; करण; समास: मन्मथस्य इषुणा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)

• शर्म: comfort/happiness
• शर्म: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• लभते: obtains
• लभते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √labh (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट् = Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; apposition to सः

• सिंहार्दितः: tormented by a lion
• सिंहार्दितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: siṃha-ardita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; विशेषण of द्विपः; समास: सिंहेन अर्दितः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष)

• इव: like/as
• इव: Upamāna-marker (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा-वाचक (comparative particle)

• द्विपः: an elephant
• द्विपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; upamāna (standard of comparison)

Context

"Rama is tormented by the dreadful arrows of the god of love pierced into vitals, like an elephant hit by a lion. He has no happiness in life.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Manmatha (Kāma, god of love)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes fidelity in love and responsibility: Rāma’s anguish reflects unwavering commitment to his spouse and refusal to accept injustice as normal.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān tells Sītā of Rāma’s intense suffering in separation, to show that her husband’s efforts arise from deep loyalty and urgency.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s constancy (ananya-bhāva) and devoted love, even amid pain.