Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 18, Shloka 14

पुत्रजन्मोत्सवः — Birth of the Princes and Viśvāmitra’s Arrival

Bālakāṇḍa 18

Devanagari script

पुष्ये जातस्तु भरतो मीनलग्ने प्रसन्नधी:।।।।सार्पे जातौ च सौमित्री कुलीरेऽभ्युदिते रवौ।

Transliteration

puṣye jātastu bharato mīnalagne prasannadhīḥ |

sārpe jātau ca saumitrī kulīre ’bhyudite ravau ||

Translation

澄みわたり安らかな智慧をもつバラタは、プシュヤが昇り、ラグナがミーナ（魚宮）にある時に生まれた。さらにスミトラーの御子らは、アーシュレーシャのもと、ラグナがクリーラ（カルカタ＝蟹宮）にあり、日の出の刻に誕生した。

Word by Word

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• महात्मानः: great-souled, noble
• महात्मानः: कर्ता (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुत्राः

• चत्वारः: four
• चत्वारः: कर्ता (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुत्राः

• जज्ञिरे: were born
• जज्ञिरे: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद

• पृथक्: separately, in due order
• पृथक्: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: separately/successively)

• गुणवन्तः: virtuous, possessing qualities
• गुणवन्तः: कर्ता (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुणवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुत्राः

• अनुरूपाः: befitting, worthy
• अनुरूपाः: कर्ता (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुत्राः

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• रुच्या: in brilliance, by splendor
• रुच्या: करण (Instrument; respect)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; हेतौ/करणे (in respect of/with)

• प्रोष्ठपदोपमाः: resembling the Proṣṭhapadā (stars)
• प्रोष्ठपदोपमाः: कर्ता (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रोष्ठपद-उपम (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुत्राः; तत्पुरुषः: प्रोष्ठपदयोः उपमाः (like Proṣṭhapadā stars)

Context

Four worthy sons were successively born to the noble king (Dasaratha), endowed with all virtuous, resembling purvabhadra and uttarabhadra stars in brightness.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Sumitrā
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Śatrughna
• Puṣya (nakṣatra)
• Mīna (lagna)
• Sun (Ravi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as harmony between human life and cosmic order: auspicious timing symbolizes that righteous leadership and character are aligned with ṛta (ordered reality).

What is the narrative situation?

The text provides astrological markers for the births of Bharata and Sumitrā’s sons, emphasizing their auspicious arrival.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s prasanna-dhī—clarity and purity of intellect—foreshadowing steadiness and integrity.