Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 87, Shloka 18

गुहसंवादः—रामस्य रात्रिवासवर्णनम्

Dialogue with Guha: Account of Rama’s Night Halt

Devanagari script

ततस्तु जलशेषेण लक्ष्मणोऽप्यकरोत्तदा।वाग्यतास्ते त्रय स्सन्ध्यां समुपासत संहिताः।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tu jalaśeṣeṇa lakṣmaṇo 'py akarot tadā |

vāgyatās te trayaḥ sandhyāṃ samupāsata saṃhitāḥ ||

Translation

それからラクシュマナも残りの水で足りとした。ついで三人は言葉を慎み心を整えて、黄昏のサンディヤー礼拝を修した。

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Kala-krama (काल/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: thereafter)

• तु: but/then
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• जलशेषेण: with the remaining water
• जलशेषेण: Karana (करण/with the remainder)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल + शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('जलस्य शेषः')

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-निपात (particle: also)

• अकरोत्: did, performed
• अकरोत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• वाग्यताः: silent, restrained in speech
• वाग्यताः: Visheshana (विशेषण of ते त्रयः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाक् + यत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष ('वाचि यताः' = restrained in speech)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वनाम

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to ते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), संख्यावाचक

• सन्ध्याम्: the twilight worship (sandhya)
• सन्ध्याम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• समुपासत: worshipped, attended upon
• समुपासत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + उप + आस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद

• संहिताः: composed, intent
• संहिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण of ते त्रयः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + हि (धातु) / संहित (प्रातिपदिक; क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); भाव: 'collected/intent, composed'

Context

Thereafter Lakshmana also drank the remainder of water. Then all the three observing silence intently performed the evening worship.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma
• Sītā
• sandhyā (twilight worship)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Daily sacred duty continues even in adversity: disciplined worship and restraint are maintained despite hunger and exile.

What is the narrative situation?

With only water available, Lakṣmaṇa drinks what remains, and the trio performs sandhyā together in silence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Religious discipline and composure (niyama, saṃyama).