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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 86, Shloka 19

लक्ष्मणगुणवर्णनम्

Lakshmana’s Vigil and Guha’s Testimony

Devanagari script

रम्यचत्वरसंस्थानां सुविभक्तमहापथाम्।हर्म्यप्रासादम्पन्नां सर्वरत्नविभूषिताम्।।।।गजाश्वरथसंबाधां तूर्यनादविनादिताम्।सर्वकल्याणसंपूर्णां हृष्टपुष्टजनाकुलाम्।।।।आरामोद्यानसंपूर्णां समाजोत्सवशालिनीम्।सुखिता विचरिष्यन्ति राजधानीं पितुर्मम।।।।

Transliteration

ramyacatvarasaṃsthānāṃ suvibhaktamahāpathām |

harmyaprāsādasampannāṃ sarvaratnavibhūṣitām ||

gajāśvarathasaṃbādhāṃ tūryanādavināditām |

sarvakalyāṇasaṃpūrṇāṃ hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākulām ||

ārāmodyānasaṃpūrṇāṃ samājotsavaśālinīm |

sukhitā vicariṣyanti rājadhānīṃ pitur mama ||

Translation

わが父王の都は――愛らしい広場と辻々に彩られ、広い大路は整然と区画され、楼閣と宮殿に満ちて万宝の飾りを戴く。象・馬・戦車が行き交い、楽の音は祭りのように鳴り渡り、あらゆる吉祥と福徳に満ち、喜び健やかな民であふれる。林苑・園圃・遊園も豊かで、集会と祝祭に輝くその都を、人々は安らかに、心地よく行き来するであろう。

Word by Word
ramya-catvara-saṃsthānāmhaving charming squares and junctions
ramya-catvara-saṃsthānām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootramya (प्रातिपदिक) + catvara (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃsthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (descriptive): रम्याणि चत्वराणि यस्याः सा (having lovely squares/crossroads as its layout)
su-vibhakta-mahāpathāmwith well-divided highways
su-vibhakta-mahāpathām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय-उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद) + vibhakta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + mahāpatha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: सुविभक्ताः महापथाः यस्याः (with well-laid great roads)
harmya-prāsāda-saṃpannāmrich in mansions and palaces
harmya-prāsāda-saṃpannām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootharmya (प्रातिपदिक) + prāsāda (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃpanna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: हर्म्यैः प्रासादैः च संपन्ना (endowed with mansions and palaces)
sarva-ratna-vibhūṣitāmadorned with every jewel
sarva-ratna-vibhūṣitām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + ratna (प्रातिपदिक) + vi-√bhūṣ (धातु) > vibhūṣita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP): सर्वैः रत्नैः विभूषिता (adorned with all gems)
gaja-aśva-ratha-saṃbādhāmthronged with elephants, horses, chariots
gaja-aśva-ratha-saṃbādhām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃbādha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: गजैः अश्वैः रथैः संबाधा (crowded with elephants, horses, chariots)
tūrya-nāda-vināditāmresounding with musical sounds
tūrya-nāda-vināditām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roottūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + nāda (प्रातिपदिक) + vi-√nad (धातु) > vinādita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP): तूर्यनादेन विनादिता (resounded by instrumental music)
sarva-kalyāṇa-saṃpūrṇāmfull of every prosperity
sarva-kalyāṇa-saṃpūrṇām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + kalyāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃpūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: सर्वैः कल्याणैः संपूर्णा (complete with all auspiciousness)
hṛṣṭa-puṣṭa-jana-ākulāmcrowded with joyful, healthy people
hṛṣṭa-puṣṭa-jana-ākulām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roothṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + puṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + jana (प्रातिपदिक) + ākula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: हृष्टैः पुष्टैः जनैः आकुला (crowded with happy and well-nourished people)
ārāma-udyāna-saṃpūrṇāmabounding in gardens and parks
ārāma-udyāna-saṃpūrṇām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootārāma (प्रातिपदिक) + udyāna (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃpūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: आरामैः उद्यानैः संपूर्णा (filled with gardens and parks)
samāja-utsava-śālinīmsplendid with public festivities
samāja-utsava-śālinīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamāja (प्रातिपदिक) + utsava (प्रातिपदिक) + śālinī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: समाजोत्सवैः शालिनी (graced by public festivals)
sukhitāḥhappy/at ease
sukhitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) used as predicate adjective of implied people (they)
vicariṣyantiwill roam about
vicariṣyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√car (धातु)
Formलृट् (भविष्यत्काल/Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
rājadhānīmthe capital city
rājadhānīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājadhānī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
pituḥof (my) father
pituḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
mamamy
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
Context

There in the capital of my father with its lovely crossroads and squares, welllaid highways, full of mansions and palaces encrusted with all kinds of precious stones, teeming with elephants, horses and chariots, resounding with trumpets, and with wellbeing everywhere, and plenty of pleasuregardens, and parks and community festivals, people sound in health would be moving about in great comfort.

Characters & Entities
A
Ayodhyā (implied by rājadhānīṃ pitur mama)

FAQs

The verse evokes rājadhrama/ideal civic order: a righteous realm is marked by safety, prosperity, public joy, and the well-being of ordinary people.

In the midst of exile and uncertainty, the speaker recalls the splendor and social harmony of the capital, imagining people living and moving about happily.

A value for public welfare and ordered society—measuring a kingdom’s greatness by the flourishing of its people.

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