Valmiki Ramayana 2.86.13: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 86, Shloka 13

लक्ष्मणगुणवर्णनम्

Lakshmana’s Vigil and Guha’s Testimony

Devanagari script

अस्मिन्प्रव्राजिते राजा न चिरं वर्तयिष्यति।विधवा मेदिनी नूनं क्षिप्रमेव भविष्यति।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.86.13

Transliteration

asmin pravrājite rājā na ciraṃ vartayiṣyati | vidhavā medinī nūnaṃ kṣipram eva bhaviṣyati ||

Translation

彼が追放されたなら、王は長くは生きられまい。大地はきっと、ほどなく寡婦となる。

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Word by Word

• अस्मिन्: when this (happens)
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Condition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (in this/when this happens)

• प्रव्राजिते: (when he is) exiled
• प्रव्राजिते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + व्रज् (धातु) + णिच् + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute): 'when he is exiled'

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• चिरम्: for long
• चिरम्: Kala (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (for long)

• वर्तयिष्यति: will survive/continue
• वर्तयिष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्/वर्त् (धातु) + णिच्
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense: 'will keep himself going/survive'

• विधवा: widowed
• विधवा: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विधवा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• मेदिनी: the earth
• मेदिनी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेदिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (surely)

• क्षिप्रम्: soon
• क्षिप्रम्: Kala (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: शीघ्रार्थक-अव्यय (quickly/soon)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (indeed/just)

• भविष्यति: will become
• भविष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

After Rama is exiled, king Dasaratha will not survive for long and surely the earth will soon be widowed.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Guha
• Medinī (Earth)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the king’s life bound to righteous order: Lakṣmaṇa implies that removing Rāma (the dhārmic heir) destabilizes the moral center of the kingdom.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa voices a grim prediction to Guha that Daśaratha will die soon after Rāma’s banishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s truthfulness and moral sensitivity—he recognizes the catastrophic ethical cost of unjust exile.