Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 57

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

अपश्यंस्तु ततस्तत्र पितरं पितुरालये।जगाम भरतो द्रष्टुं मातरं मातुरालये।।2.72.1।।

Transliteration

apaśyaṃs tu tatas tatra pitaraṃ pitur ālaye |

jagāma bharato draṣṭuṃ mātaraṃ mātur ālaye ||

Translation

そこで父の御殿に父王の御姿が見えなかったので、バラタは母の御居所へ母君を拝しに赴いた。

Word by Word

• apaśyan: not seeing
• apaśyan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paś (पश्); paśyan (शतृ) with a- (नञर्थ)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (शतृ), Pumliṅga, Prathama, Ekavacana

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of place

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• pituḥ: of father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम्)
• Form: Laṅ, 3rd person, singular

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Prathama, Ekavacana

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्)
• Form: Tumun infinitive

• mātaram: mother
• mātaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• mātuḥ: of mother
• mātuḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

Context

Not finding his father in his abode, Bharata went to see his mother in her apartment.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha (implied)
• Kaikeyi (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores orderly, respectful familial conduct—an aspect of dharma that governs behavior within the home and court.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s search shifts from the king’s quarters to Kaikeyi’s quarters when Daśaratha is not found.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful urgency and responsibility in a moment of uncertainty.