Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 6, Shloka 9

रामाभिषेकपूर्वसज्जा

Preparations for Rama’s Coronation

Devanagari script

कृतोपवासं तु तदा वैदेह्या सह राघवम्।अयोध्यानिलयश्श्रुत्वा सर्वः प्रमुदितो जनः।।2.6.9।।

Transliteration

kṛtopavāsaṃ tu tadā vaidehyā saha rāghavam |

ayodhyānilayaḥ śrutvā sarvaḥ pramudito janaḥ || 2.6.9 ||

Translation

ラाघヴァがヴァイデーヒーとともに斎戒（断食）を行ったと聞き、アヨーディヤーに住む人々は皆、歓喜した。

Word by Word

• kṛta-upavāsam: who had observed a fast
• kṛta-upavāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ धातु) + upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (कृतः उपवासः यस्य/कृत-उपवासः = having performed a fast); ‘rāghavam’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेष (but/indeed)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• vaidehyā: with Vaidehī (Sītā)
• vaidehyā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सहयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सह-योगे तृतीया अपेक्षा

• rāghavam: Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavam: Karma (कर्म; श्रुत्वा-क्रियायाः विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• ayodhyā-nilayaḥ: the resident(s) of Ayodhyā
• ayodhyā-nilayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayodhyā (प्रातिपदिक) + nilaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: अयोध्यायाः निलयः = resident of Ayodhyā; collective sense)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (श्रु धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); ‘having heard’

• sarvaḥ: all
• sarvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘janaḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• pramuditaḥ: delighted, rejoiced
• pramuditaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra + √mud (मुद् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘janaḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• janaḥ: people
• janaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (समूहवाचक)

Context

Then (in the last watch of the night) hearing the pleasant words of bards and panegyrists he attended to early morning rites and intoned Gayatri with aconcentrated mind.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• Ayodhyā
• upavāsa (fast)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is self-restraint for a higher duty: fasting and purity practices strengthen moral authority and public confidence in leadership.

What is the narrative situation?

The citizens learn that Rāma and Sītā are observing a fast as part of coronation sanctity, and the city’s joy increases.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Austerity (tapas/niyama) joined to compassion—Rāma’s private discipline becomes a public source of hope.