Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 28
तमसातीरवासः
Night on the Bank of the Tamasa and the Stratagem to Elude the Citizens
Devanagari script
तं स्यन्दनमधिष्ठाय राघव स्सपरिच्छदः।शीघ्रगामाकुलावर्तां तमसामतरन्नदीम्।।2.46.28।।
Transliteration
taṁ syandanam adhiṣṭhāya rāghavaḥ sa-paricchadaḥ |
śīghra-gāmākulāvartāṁ tamasām ataran nadīm ||2.46.28||
Translation
ラाघヴァは必要な品々を携えてその車に乗り、流れ速く渦巻くタマサー川を渡った。
Word by Word
tamthat
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun/सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
syandanamchariot
syandanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsyandana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
adhiṣṭhāyahaving mounted
adhiṣṭhāya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootadhi-√sthā (धातु)
FormKtvānta (क्त्वान्त/absolutive), having done; Upasarga: adhi-; sense: 'having mounted/ascended'
rāghavaḥRāghava (Rama)
rāghavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
saparicchadaḥwith belongings/retinue
saparicchadaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa-paricchada (प्रातिपदिक: sa + paricchada)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) with prefix-like 'sa-' = 'with'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with rāghavaḥ
śīghragāmswift-flowing
śīghragām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootśīghragāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) śīghra+gāmin; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies nadīm
ākulāvartāmturbulent with whirlpools
ākulāvartām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootākulāvarta (प्रातिपदिक: ākula + āvarta)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies nadīm
tamasāmof Tamasa
tamasām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottamasā (प्रातिपदिक; river-name)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
ataratcrossed
atarat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tṝ (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (लङ्, imperfect/past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
nadīmriver
nadīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
Context
Rama (along with others) mounted the chariot with his belongings, crossed the rapidly flowing Tamasa agitated with whirlpools.
Characters & Entities
R
Rama (Raghava)C
chariot (syandana)FAQs
Perseverance in righteous duty: even difficult crossings become part of the disciplined path undertaken for truth and obligation.
Rama departs by chariot and crosses the Tamasa river on the way toward the forest.
Steadfastness—moving forward without wavering despite physical hardship and emotional weight.