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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 50

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

यमिच्छेत्पुनरायान्तं नैनं दूरमनुव्रजेत्।इत्यमात्या महाराजमूचुर्दशरथं वचः।।।।

yam icchet punar āyāntaṁ nainaṁ dūram anuvrajet |

ity amātyā mahārājam ūcur daśarathaṁ vacaḥ ||

再び帰って来てほしい者には、あまり遠くまで付き従うべきではない。こうして大臣たちは大王ダシャラタに申し上げた。

yamwhom
yam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
icchetshould desire
icchet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (धातु)
FormVerb (तिङन्त), Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
punaragain
punar:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunar (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
āyāntamreturning/coming back
āyāntam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootā + yā (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ/वर्तमानकृदन्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying 'yam'
nanot
na:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
enamhim
enam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
dūramfar / to a long distance
dūram:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdūra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative used adverbially (द्वितीया-अव्ययीभाव/क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग), distance-adverb
anuvrajetshould follow
anuvrajet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu + vraj (धातु)
FormVerb (तिङन्त), Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Vakyopanyasa (वाक्योपन्यास)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
amātyāḥministers
amātyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootamātya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
mahārājamthe great king
mahārājam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; compound: mahā + rāja (great king)
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormVerb (तिङन्त), Perfect/लिट्, Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
daśarathamDaśaratha
daśaratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to 'mahārājam'
vacaḥwords / statement
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

We should not follow over a long distance those we wish to return, said the ministers to king Dasaratha.

D
Daśaratha
M
ministers (amātyāḥ)

FAQs

Dharma here is measured restraint: when a return is desired, excessive pursuit can become counterproductive; wise counsel favors self-control over impulsive attachment.

As separation unfolds, the ministers advise Daśaratha not to follow the departing party too far, hoping this will support their eventual return.

Prudence and governance-wisdom (nīti): the ministers model calm, practical judgment in a moment of intense grief.